Simulation based generation of X-parameters using the harmonic balance first moment

As the complexity of radio frequency circuits increases, the generation of macromodels for circuit blocks that can be used in system simulations has become increasingly useful and even necessary. Recently X-parameters1 have been proposed as an extension to the concept of S-Parameters in order to create a macromodel that captures some of the key nonlinearities in the circuit. In this paper, an efficient semi-analytical approach for the computation of X-parameters is presented. More specifically, a clear relation between the X-parameters and the circuit moments is developed, which in turn facilitates the application of moments to further improve the efficiency of X-parameter generation.