大学生翻译在翻译英语单词+介词搭配到阿拉伯语中的困难

Reima Al-Jarf
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引用次数: 3

摘要

英语和阿拉伯语有不同类型的搭配,也就是说,一组单词放在一起。本研究旨在探讨沙特大学生翻译在将英语单词+介词搭配(动词+介词、名词+介词、形容词+介词搭配)翻译成阿拉伯语时所遇到的困难。从学生-译者的毕业设计中收集了错误的词+介词搭配语料库,以确定翻译错误的类型,翻译策略,翻译错误的来源以及翻译错误发生的语境。英语和阿拉伯语单词+介词搭配的比较显示了以下类别:(i)阿拉伯语单词+介词搭配在形式和意义上与英语对等词匹配的情况(取决于يعتمد على, apologize for/to يعتذر لـ/عن, interested inمهتم بـ);(ii)在英语搭配中使用了介词,但在阿拉伯语搭配中没有使用介词的情况(等待ينتظر);(iii)在一个单词后面加了阿拉伯语介词,而在对应的英语单词后面没有加介词的情况(给他茶قدم له الشاي,向他求婚عرض عليه اقتراح,停止参加توقف عن المشاركة,缺少somethingيفتقر إلى)。结果表明,学生在单词+介词搭配中存在部分介词误译现象。在84%的错误中,学生们用一个错误的词替换了翻译中的介词,在13%的错误中,他们在一个不需要介词的阿拉伯词后面加了一个介词,在3%的错误中,他们从一个需要使用介词的翻译中删除了一个介词。此外,19%的错误是语际错误(从英语迁移错误),81%的错误是由于母语(阿拉伯语)能力不足造成的语内错误。44%是外来错误,21%是由于不了解阿拉伯语介词的使用规则,18%是由于学生在当地方言中错误地使用介词。86%是语法问题;11%是语义错误,3%是文体错误。本文对研究结果进行了详细的报道,并对翻译教育学提出了启示。
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Undergraduate Student-Translators’ Difficulties in Translating English Word + Preposition Collocations to Arabic
English and Arabic have different types of collocations, i.e., groups of words that go together. This study aims to explore the difficulties that Saudi undergraduate student-translators have in translating English word + preposition collocations such as verb + preposition, noun + preposition, and adjective + preposition collocations to Arabic. A corpus of faulty word+ preposition collocations was collected from students-translators’ graduation projects to identify the types of translation errors, translation strategies, sources of translation errors and the contexts in which the translation errors occurred. A comparison of English and Arabic word + preposition collocations showed the following categories: (i) cases were the Arabic word + preposition collocations match those of their English equivalents in form and meaning (depend on يعتمد على, apologize for/to يعتذر لـ/عن , interested inمهتم بـ ) ; (ii) cases where a preposition is used in the English collocation but no preposition is used in the Arabic equivalent (wait for ينتظر ); (iii) cases where an Arabic preposition is used after a word but no such preposition is used in their English equivalent ( gave him tea  قدم له الشاي, offered him a proposal عرض عليه اقتراح, stopped participating توقف عن المشاركة, lack somethingيفتقر إلى ). Results showed that the students mistranslated certain prepositions in word + preposition collocations. In 84% of the errors, the students substituted a preposition in the translation by a faulty one, in 13%, they added a preposition after an Arabic word that does not require a preposition, and in 3% they deleted a preposition from a translation that requires use of a preposition. In addition, 19% of the errors were interlingual (transfer errors from English) and 81% were intralingual due to inadequate competence in L1 (Arabic). 44% were extraneous errors, 21% were due to ignorance of Arabic language rules of preposition use and 18% were due to faulty common use of the preposition in the students’ local dialect. 86% were syntactic; 11% were semantic and 3% were stylistic errors. Results are reported in detail and implications for translation pedagogy are given.
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