文化坚持作为对风险的行为:来自北卡罗来纳切罗基人的证据,1850-1880

Matthew T. Gregg
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引用次数: 4

摘要

经济理论能帮助解释19世纪居住在北卡罗来纳州的切罗基印第安人的文化飞地的持久性吗?迄今为止,Fogelson和Kutsche(1961)以及Finger(1984)已经确定了一种被称为gadugi的公共的、劳动共享的农业制度的延续,作为切罗基人在重大动荡时期的代理的一个例子。通过采用Kimball(1988)关于农业合作社功能的框架,我对祖先劳动传统的历史编纂做出了贡献,以测试这种安排是否作为一种保险形式出现,以对抗南方农业固有的特殊风险。从1850-1880年北卡罗莱纳切罗基农场的人口普查手稿中收集的数据被用来计算家庭自给自足的方差,这似乎足以证明一个非市场机制来分担风险。
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Cultural Persistence as Behavior Towards Risk: Evidence from the North Carolina Cherokees, 1850-1880
Can economic theory help explain the persistence of a cultural enclave among the Cherokee Indians living in North Carolina during the nineteenth century? To date, Fogelson and Kutsche (1961) and Finger (1984) have identified the continuation of a communal, labor-sharing, agricultural institution called the gadugi as an example of Cherokee agency during a period of substantial upheaval. I contribute to the historiography on ancestral labor traditions by adopting Kimball’s (1988) framework on the function of farming cooperatives to test whether this arrangement sprung up as a form of insurance against the idiosyncratic risk inherent in southern agriculture. Data collected from the 1850-1880 manuscript census returns on North Carolina Cherokee farms are used to compute the variance of household self-sufficiency, which appears substantial enough to warrant a non-market mechanism to pool risk.
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