Investigating Education as the Key to Success in Non-pharmacological Interventions in the Control and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is a global health challenge that requires continuous care. Non-pharmaceutical interventions in controlling and treating type 2 diabetes can be less costly and have fewer complications. Accordingly, this study identifies non-pharmaceutical interventions in controlling and treating type 2 diabetes through systematic review. Methods: This study is a systematic review of the papers published in non-pharmaceutical interventions to control and treat type 2 diabetes. The authors have used the standard guideline of systematic review (PRISMA). A total of 41 papers were selected from 529 full-text articles published between 2014 and 2020. The search included the electronic data banks, including Medline, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and the Google Scholar search engine. Results: Non-pharmaceutical interventions were classified into four categories: Lifestyle, treatment devices, traditional treatment, and education. The results showed that lifestyle modification is the most effective non-pharmaceutical intervention for treating type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Study findings show that applying non-pharmaceutical interventions effectively controls and prevents type-2 diabetes complications. Education is a part that needs to be given more attention.