{"title":"是钱太少还是时间太少?自我控制失败后用理由维持正面形象","authors":"Janina Steinmetz","doi":"10.1002/ejsp.3010","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research has shown that people frequently fail at exerting self-control. Yet, having good self-control is essential for being trusted and relied on. In this research, I test which common and frequent excuses for self-control failures (i.e., resulting from lack of time vs. money) allow people to maintain an image of good self-control despite failure. In six studies (five pre-registered), using different types of self-control domains, I show that participants perceived someone who failed at a resolution to nevertheless have good self-control if they failed because they lacked money (vs. time) to follow through (Study 1). This effect was due to the mediated (Study 2a) and manipulated (Study 2b) perceived controllability of the excuse. This effect had downstream consequences for participants’ hypothetical and real behaviour toward the individual when their outcomes were interdependent (Studies 3 and 4). Finally, participants lacked insight into these patterns when communicating their own self-control failures, which they attributed to a lack of time over money (Study 5).</p>","PeriodicalId":48377,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"54 1","pages":"332-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsp.3010","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Too little money or time? Using justifications to maintain a positive image after self-control failure\",\"authors\":\"Janina Steinmetz\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/ejsp.3010\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Research has shown that people frequently fail at exerting self-control. Yet, having good self-control is essential for being trusted and relied on. In this research, I test which common and frequent excuses for self-control failures (i.e., resulting from lack of time vs. money) allow people to maintain an image of good self-control despite failure. In six studies (five pre-registered), using different types of self-control domains, I show that participants perceived someone who failed at a resolution to nevertheless have good self-control if they failed because they lacked money (vs. time) to follow through (Study 1). This effect was due to the mediated (Study 2a) and manipulated (Study 2b) perceived controllability of the excuse. This effect had downstream consequences for participants’ hypothetical and real behaviour toward the individual when their outcomes were interdependent (Studies 3 and 4). Finally, participants lacked insight into these patterns when communicating their own self-control failures, which they attributed to a lack of time over money (Study 5).</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48377,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Journal of Social Psychology\",\"volume\":\"54 1\",\"pages\":\"332-340\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsp.3010\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Journal of Social Psychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejsp.3010\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Journal of Social Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejsp.3010","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Too little money or time? Using justifications to maintain a positive image after self-control failure
Research has shown that people frequently fail at exerting self-control. Yet, having good self-control is essential for being trusted and relied on. In this research, I test which common and frequent excuses for self-control failures (i.e., resulting from lack of time vs. money) allow people to maintain an image of good self-control despite failure. In six studies (five pre-registered), using different types of self-control domains, I show that participants perceived someone who failed at a resolution to nevertheless have good self-control if they failed because they lacked money (vs. time) to follow through (Study 1). This effect was due to the mediated (Study 2a) and manipulated (Study 2b) perceived controllability of the excuse. This effect had downstream consequences for participants’ hypothetical and real behaviour toward the individual when their outcomes were interdependent (Studies 3 and 4). Finally, participants lacked insight into these patterns when communicating their own self-control failures, which they attributed to a lack of time over money (Study 5).
期刊介绍:
Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.