在竞技活动过程中对高水平对打女排运动员的技战术动作进行教学控制

Наталя Щепотіна, Віктор Костюкевич, Володимир Поліщук, Коннова Майя, Євгеній Саричев
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引用次数: 0

摘要

团体比赛的最终结果并不能反映出队员的全部优缺点。因此,对体育比赛中的竞技活动进行控制,将为改善团队管理提供客观信息。本研究的目的是确定乌克兰女子超级联赛高水平对位击球手在竞技活动过程中的技战术动作结构和动态。研究材料和方法。研究在 2017-2018 赛季的比赛期间进行,对乌克兰排球锦标赛女子超级联赛各队的正式比赛进行了教学观察和视频拍摄。研究涉及 9 名乌克兰体育大师级的高水平对位击球手。对攻手在竞技活动过程中的技战术动作结构主要由拦网(34.0±2.9 %)和扣球(28.1±2.0 %)组成。在所有技战术动作中,对方击球手的扣球(42.3±4.5 %)和拦网(33.8±3.2 %)最为有效。防守和传球是对方击球手的 "软肋",低效技战术动作的比例分别为(42.2±5.9)%和(56.1±9.0)%。在比赛过程中,对面击球手的技战术动作效率逐渐降低。因此,有效发球的比例从第一局的19.8%下降到第四局的10.4%,有效防守动作从35.0%下降到23.3%,扣杀从36.1%下降到25.6%,拦网从28.7%下降到28.5%。通过对结果的分析,可以建议在对打运动员的训练过程中特别注意发球攻击潜力的发挥,提高防守的有效性,扩大战术组合和比赛模式的储备,提高一般耐力和特殊耐力。
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Pedagogical control of technical and tactical actions of highly skilled opposite hitters in women's volleyball in the process of competitive activity
The final result in team game sports does not reflect complete information of the strengths and weaknesses of the players. Therefore, the control of competitive activities in sports games will provide objective information for improving of team management. The purpose of the research is to establish the structure and dynamics of technical and tactical actions of highly skilled opposite hitters of women's Superleague of Ukraine in the process of competitive activity. Material and methods of research. The study was conducted during the competition period of the 2017-2018 season and provided for pedagogical observation and video shooting of the official games of the Ukrainian Volleyball Championship among women's Superleague teams. The study involved 9 highly qualified opposite hitters the masters of sports of Ukraine.Results and conclusions. The structure of the technical and tactical actions of opposite hitters in the process of competitive activity is consisted of large part of blocks (34,0±2,9 %) and spikes (28,1±2,0 %). Opposite hitters perform the spikes (42,3±4,5 %) and blocks (33,8±3,2 %) most effectively among all technical and tactical actions. The game of defense and passes are a "weak spot" of the opposite hitters, as the ratio of inefficient technical and tactical actions are 42,2±5,9 and 56,1±9,0 %, respectively. There is a gradual decrease in the effectiveness of technical and tactical actions by the opposite hitters during the game. Thus, the part of effective serves decreased from 19,8 % in the first set to 10,4 % in the fourth, effective defense actions – from 35,0 to 23,3 %, spikes – from 36,1 to 25,6 %, blocks – from 28,7 to 28,5 %. The analysis of the results allows to recommend in the training process of the opposite hitters to pay special attention to the implementation of the attack potential of serves, increase the effectiveness of the defense, expanding the stock of tactical combinations and game models, improving general and special endurance
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