自闭症谱系障碍大龄儿童的临床步态分析

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Sports Medicine and Health Science Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.smhs.2023.10.007
Xinye Wu , D. Clark Dickin , Laura Bassette , Caroline Ashton , He Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者经常表现出运动障碍,这增加了他们跌倒的风险。人们对患有自闭症谱系障碍的大龄儿童所表现出的步态生物力学缺乏了解。本研究旨在确定患有 ASD 的大龄儿童与发育正常儿童在步态模式上的差异。研究招募了 11 名患有 ASD 的儿童和 11 名年龄和性别匹配的发育正常儿童。参与者在测力跑步机上以恒定速度(1.1 米/秒 - 1.2 米/秒)行走五分钟(分钟)。参与者进行最大自主收缩,以评估其膝关节肌肉力量。通过配对 t 检验(显著性水平为 p ≤ 0.05)检查 ASD 患者与匹配对照组参与者之间的差异。与对照组相比,ASD 患者的膝关节伸肌扭矩较小(p = 0.002)。与对照组相比,ASD 患者的步长更短(p = 0.04),步频更大(p = 0.03),步幅变化更大(p = 0.04)。在加载反应过程中,ASD 患儿的制动地面反作用力更大(p = 0.03)。研究结果表明,患有自闭症的大龄儿童会形成一种独特的步态,表现为步长缩短、步幅增大、步幅变化增加。这种独特的步态可能代表了 ASD 患儿用来补偿膝关节伸展肌无力的一种运动策略。表现出这些独特步态偏差的 ASD 患者可能会面临姿势稳定性降低和跌倒受伤风险增加的问题。
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Clinical gait analysis in older children with autism spectrum disorder

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit motor deficits that increase their risk of falls. There is a lack of understanding regarding gait biomechanics demonstrated by older children with ASD. The purpose of the study was to determine differences in gait patterns between older children with ASD and typically developing children. Eleven children with ASD and 11 age- and gender-matched typically developing children were recruited for the study. Participants walked on a force-instrumented treadmill at a constant speed (1.1 ​m/s ​- ​1.2 ​m/s) for five minutes (min). Participants performed maximal voluntary contractions to assess their knee muscular strength. Differences between individuals with ASD and matched control participants were examined through paired t-tests with a significance level of p ​≤ ​0.05. Individuals with ASD demonstrated a smaller knee extensor torque compared to controls (p ​= ​0.002). Participants with ASD exhibited a shorter stride length (p ​= ​0.04), a greater cadence (p ​= ​0.03), and a higher variation in stride width (p ​= ​0.04) compared to control participants. The individuals with ASD experienced a greater braking ground reaction force (p ​= ​0.03) during loading response. The results indicate older children with ASD develop a unique gait pattern signified by a reduced stride length, increased cadence, and an increase of variation in stride width. This unique gait pattern may represent a movement strategy used by the individuals with ASD to compensate for the weakness associated with their knee extensor muscles. Individuals with ASD who demonstrate these unique gait deviations may face reduced postural stability and an increased risk of fall-related injuries.

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来源期刊
Sports Medicine and Health Science
Sports Medicine and Health Science Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
55 days
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