沙巴州低收入家庭儿童的营养状况和膳食脂肪酸摄入量：横断面研究

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200260

Alice Chen, Nur Batrisyia Rafiz Azuan, Nur’Ain Mardhiyah Harun, Yasmin Beng Houi Ooi, Ban-Hock Khor

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在评估马来西亚沙巴州低收入家庭儿童的营养状况和膳食脂肪酸摄入量。方法本横断面研究于 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 2 月在亚庇和斗湖进行。共招募了 182 名来自低收入家庭（每月收入低于 4850 令吉）的 5-12 岁儿童。人体测量包括体重、身高和体重指数。结果儿童的平均年龄为 8.8 ± 1.8 岁，大多数为女孩（53.8%）和巴瑶族人（53.3%）。根据人体测量结果，16.5%的儿童发育不良，7.1%的儿童偏瘦，21.4%的儿童超重或肥胖。总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸 (SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 和反式脂肪酸的摄入量占总能量的百分比分别为 29.3%、12.3%、12.6%、4.0% 和 0.05%。77.5%的儿童超过了 SFA 的推荐值，63.2%的儿童未达到 n-3 PUFA 的推荐值。所有儿童的亚麻酸摄入量均未达到推荐值。斗湖儿童的 n-3 PUFA 摄入量更高（p < 0.001），而亚庇儿童的总脂肪（p = 0.020）、MUFA（p = 0.005）、n-6 PUFA（p = 0.015）和反式脂肪酸（p = 0.001）摄入量更高。结论沙巴州低收入家庭的儿童发育迟缓、超重或肥胖的发生率很高。大多数儿童的 SFA 和 n-3 PUFA 均未达到推荐值。这些研究结果表明，亟需实施营养策略，以提高对脂肪酸膳食建议的依从性。

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Nutritional status and dietary fatty acid intake among children from low-income households in Sabah: A cross-sectional study

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and dietary fatty acid intake among children from low-income households in Sabah, Malaysia.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 in Kota Kinabalu and Tawau. A total of 182 children aged 5–12 years from low-income households (less than RM 4850 per month) were recruited. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height, and body mass index. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h diet recall and the fatty acid (FA) intakes were analyzed using a database with FA content for local foods.

Results

The mean age of children was 8.8 ± 1.8 years, with a majority being girls (53.8%) and of Bajau ethnicity (53.3%). Based on the anthropometric measurements, 16.5% of children were stunted, 7.1% were thin, and 21.4% were overweight or obese. Intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and trans fatty acids as a percentage of total energy were 29.3%, 12.3%, 12.6%, 4.0%, and 0.05%, respectively. 77.5% of children exceeded the recommendation for SFA and 63.2% of children did not meet the recommendation for n-3 PUFA. All children did not meet the recommendation for ⍺-linolenic. Children from Tawau had greater consumption of n-3 PUFA (p < 0.001) while children from Kota Kinabalu had greater intakes of total fat (p = 0.020), MUFA (p = 0.005), n-6 PUFA (p = 0.015), and trans fatty acid (p = 0.001). None of the dietary fatty acids was associated with anthropometric indices.

Conclusions

There was a high prevalence of stunting and overweight or obesity among children from low-income households in Sabah. Most of the children failed to meet the recommendations for SFA and n-3 PUFAs. These findings indicate a compelling need for the implementation of nutritional strategies to enhance adherence to dietary recommendations for fatty acids.

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