足球运动员的身体成分、无氧力量和下肢力量:对不同联赛的急性影响

Hamza Küçük, Mehmet Söyler
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摘要

这项研究的目的是比较不同级别联赛的职业足球运动员在身体成分、下肢力量和无氧动力特征方面的差异。共有 71 名年龄在 18 岁至 35 岁之间(平均年龄:23.14 ± 4.23 岁)的志愿球员参加了研究,他们分别代表超级联赛、甲级联赛和乙级联赛。使用 DXA(Hologic QDR 系列,Delphi A 型,美国马萨诸塞州贝德福德)生物电阻抗分析仪测量了参与者的身体成分,使用 ChronoJump smartspeed mat(INEFC,巴塞罗那)测量了对抗运动跳跃(CMJ)强度,并进行了跑步无氧短跑测试(RAST)。采用方差分析对多个组别进行比较,并在观察到差异的情况下进行邓肯多重比较试验,以确定差异倾向于哪个组别。结果显示,与甲级联赛和乙级联赛的球员相比,中超联赛球员在身体成分方面拥有更显著的数值,在跳跃高度、最大力量输出和有氧功率方面的数值也明显高于甲级联赛和乙级联赛的球员(P<0.05)。
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Body composition, anaerobic power, lower extremity strength in football players: Acute effect on different leagues
The aim of the study was to compare differences in body composition, lower extremity strength, and anaerobic power characteristics among professional football players at different league levels. A total of seventy-one volunteer players aged between eighteen and thirty-five years (mean age: 23.14 ± 4.23 years) participated in the study, representing the Super League, 1st League, and 2nd League. The participants' body compositions were measured using the DXA (Hologic QDR Series, Delphi A model, Bedford, MA, USA) bioelectrical impedance analyzer, CounterMovement Jump (CMJ) strength with the ChronoJump smartspeed mat (INEFC, Barcelona), and Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) tests were conducted. ANOVA was used to compare multiple groups, and the Duncan multiple comparison tests were conducted in cases where differences were observed to determine which group the difference favored. The results revealed that Super League players statistically possessed more significant values in body composition compared to 1st and 2nd League players and demonstrated significantly higher values in terms of jump height, maximum force output, and anaerobic power compared to 1st and 2nd League players (p
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