利用组合机电加工提高圆柱形摩擦界面的耐磨性

A. Gorlenko, M. Shevtsov
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摘要

本文探讨了通过植入碳化钨(WC)材料形成耐磨表面层的加工技术和技术设备。研究了在实施组合机电加工(WRCEMP)技术过程中,植入碳化钨粉末对碳钢摩擦表面形成梯度耐磨结构的影响。由于塑性变形区受到热量和压力的影响,钢材发生了强烈的奥氏体化,WC 粉末溶解,随后形成了高度分散的复合结构,这种结构是由过饱和奥氏体的过冷切向分解引起的。对具有硬化表面分级结构的 45 号结构钢进行了摩擦和磨损综合比较试验,现代耐磨涂层和材料相当昂贵,技术上也很难获得。研究了用于 "卫星轴-卫星 "摩擦副的 WRCEMP 技术的实际应用问题。在实施所考虑的加工方法和创新技术过程中,对 "卫星轴-卫星 "界面耐久性的提高进行了评估。对机械制造企业使用机电联合加工技术作为确保和提高机械零件制造阶段性能的高效方法提出了建议。
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Wear resistance increase in cylindrical frictional interface using combined electromechanical processing
Processing technology and technological equipment for the formation of a wear-resistant surface layer by implanting materials based on tungsten carbide (WC), are viewed. The effect of implanted WC powder on the formation of gradient wear-resistant structures in the friction surface of carbon steel formed during the implementation of combined electromechanical processing (WRCEMP) technology, has been studied. Resulting from heat and pressure impact in the zone of plastic deformation, intensive austenization of steel occurs with dissolution of WC powder and subsequent formation of highly dispersed composite structures caused by the decomposition of undercooled tangstem-supersaturated austenite. Combined comparative friction and wear tests were carried out for structural steel 45 with a graded structure of a hardened surface and rather expensive and technologically- difficult to obtain modern wear-resistant coatings and materials. The issue of WRCEMP technology practical application used for the «axis of satellite – satellite» friction pair is viewed. An assessment of the durability increase of the «axis of satellite – satellite» interface during the implementation of the considered processing methods and innovative technology was taken. Recommendations for the use of combined electromechanical processing technology at machine-building enterprises as a highly effective way to ensure and improve the performance of machine parts at the stage of their manufacture are given.
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