癌症治疗中的移动目标

Jessica M. Fagerstrom, Victoria N. Bry, Caroline M. Colbert, Cheyann Windsor
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摘要

本文将探讨辐射治疗癌症的方法。用于治疗癌症的辐射由高能粒子或光组成,它们可以破坏活细胞,包括癌细胞。辐射束可以通过一种叫做线性加速器的特殊机器产生,并精确瞄准患者的癌症。当癌症位于患者肺部附近时,癌症会随着患者的呼吸而移动。当癌症无法保持静止不动时,用放射光束照射癌症就会很困难。这有点像在电子游戏中试图击中移动的目标。在这种情况下,患者和放射治疗工作人员可以使用一些技巧,确保放射光束击中癌症,而不击中健康器官。
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Hitting Moving Targets in Cancer Treatment
In this article, we will explore the way radiation can be used to treat cancer. Radiation for cancer therapy consists of high-energy particles or light that can damage living cells, including cancer cells. Radiation beams can be generated using a special machine, called a linear accelerator, and they are precisely aimed at a patient’s cancer. When cancer is located near the patient’s lungs, the cancer moves around as the patient breathes in and out. Hitting the cancer with the radiation beam can be hard when the cancer does not stay still. It is a little like trying to hit a moving target in a video game. In that case, there are some tricks that patients and radiation therapy workers can use to make sure that the radiation beam hits the cancer and misses healthy organs.
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