意大利国家公园对环境和社会经济的影响:不同地理环境下的时间和溢出效应

IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Global Environmental Change Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102838
Riccardo D'Alberto , Matteo Zavalloni , Francesco Pagliacci
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了实现对自然的长期保护和提供生态系统服务,从而防止生物多样性的丧失,国家公园等保护区越来越多地得到实施。我们研究了八个意大利国家公园产生的环境和社会经济影响。我们估算了 i) 短期和中期影响;ii) 对当地人口和邻近地区的影响(即外溢效应);iii) 根据国家公园所处的宏观地理环境(即意大利北部、中部和南部)进行了不同的分析。分析基于倾向得分匹配法与双重稳健差分估计法的结合。我们发现,国家公园对森林覆盖率的影响是积极的,并且随着时间的推移不断增加。此外,从社会经济的角度来看,国家公园对当地单位数量、就业人数(尤其是旅游业)和外来工作通勤者数量的影响是积极的,但对农业土地数量的影响是消极的。不过,这些结果取决于地理环境,即大部分积极的社会经济影响都出现在北部地区。最后,我们发现森林面积的(正)溢出效应,但社会经济溢出效应并不显著。
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The environmental and socioeconomic impacts of the Italian National Parks: Time and spillover effects across different geographical contexts

Protected Areas such as national parks are increasingly implemented to achieve the long-term conservation of nature and the provision of ecosystem services, hence preventing biodiversity loss. We study the environmental and socioeconomic impacts generated by eight Italian National Parks. We estimate the impacts i) on the short and medium term, ii) on the local population and on the neighboring areas (i.e., their spillovers), and iii) differentiating the analysis by the macro-geographical context in which National Parks are embedded (i.e., north, center, and south of Italy). The analysis is based on the combination of the Propensity Score Matching with the Doubly Robust Difference-in-Differences estimator. We find that the National Parks have a positive and increasing-over-time impact on the share of forested areas. Moreover, from the socioeconomic point of view, their impact has been positive on the number of local units, workers employed (especially in the tourism sector), and the number of incoming work commuters, but negative on the number of agricultural holdings. However, these results depend on the geographical contexts, i.e., most of the positive socioeconomic impacts are in the north. Finally, we find (positive) spillover in terms of forested areas, but non-significant socioeconomic ones.

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来源期刊
Global Environmental Change
Global Environmental Change 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
18.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
146
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Global Environmental Change is a prestigious international journal that publishes articles of high quality, both theoretically and empirically rigorous. The journal aims to contribute to the understanding of global environmental change from the perspectives of human and policy dimensions. Specifically, it considers global environmental change as the result of processes occurring at the local level, but with wide-ranging impacts on various spatial, temporal, and socio-political scales. In terms of content, the journal seeks articles with a strong social science component. This includes research that examines the societal drivers and consequences of environmental change, as well as social and policy processes that aim to address these challenges. While the journal covers a broad range of topics, including biodiversity and ecosystem services, climate, coasts, food systems, land use and land cover, oceans, urban areas, and water resources, it also welcomes contributions that investigate the drivers, consequences, and management of other areas affected by environmental change. Overall, Global Environmental Change encourages research that deepens our understanding of the complex interactions between human activities and the environment, with the goal of informing policy and decision-making.
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