The change in aesthetic experience and empathic concern predicts theory of mind ability: Evidence from drama improvisation training

Drama improvisation is recognized for its benefits in the Western context, particularly in enhancing performers’ social awareness and interaction skills. However, there is a gap in evidence from diverse cultural backgrounds, and few studies have examined the dynamic shifts in individuals before and after brief drama improvisation training. In this study, first-year Chinese college students not majoring in arts underwent a semester-long training encompassing six modules related to drama improvisation. The participants’ social anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, intentional self-regulation, and aesthetic experience were measured pre- and post-training. Notably, the training was observed to reduce students’ social anxiety and elevate their flow experience—a state marked by deep concentration, pleasure, and heightened focus. The change in the flow experience and the empathic concern, predicted one’s theory of mind. These findings suggest that drama improvisation training can potentially bolster mental well-being in young adults, alter their aesthetic experiences, and enhance their socio-communicative skills, fostering creative thinking within the Chinese cultural framework.