从过去汲取经验,为未来的生态系统恢复项目提供信息:澳大利亚的视角

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Restoration Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.1111/rec.14241
Rocio Araya‐López, Melissa Wartman, Micheli Duarte de Paula Costa, Peter I. Macreadie
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沿海和海洋生态系统提供了宝贵的生态系统服务和功能。遗憾的是,这些栖息地承受着越来越大的人为和气候压力,不仅在澳大利亚,在全球范围内都造成了严重的退化和损失。因此,恢复沿海和海洋生态系统的紧迫性比以往任何时候都更加突出。我们综述了澳大利亚 151 个海岸和海洋生态系统修复项目,涵盖红树林、海草、潮汐沼泽、海带、贝类珊瑚礁和珊瑚生态系统。我们的研究结果表明,在过去的 30 年中,修复工作的力度不断加大,并更加关注珊瑚和贝类礁栖息地。在整个澳大利亚,大部分工作都在澳大利亚东南部进行,北部地区存在明显差距。恢复战略的重点是提高繁殖体的可用性(74%)和底质的可用性(42%),另外还努力实施自上而下(7%)和自下而上(4%)的控制措施,以促进自然繁殖。项目主要由研究型大学(45%)参与实施,其次是州政府实体(42%)、慈善机构(34%)和私营公司(16%)。资金主要来自政府,如州政府实体(50%)、联邦(44%)和慈善机构(19%)。恢复成果的核心是监测单一和多重恢复行动所带来的生长和存活率。我们的研究结果强调了影响各种类型栖息地自然繁殖的关键因素,其中沉积作用和物种繁殖生物学起着至关重要的作用。我们承认,我们的研究结果仅代表了澳大利亚沿海和海洋恢复工作的一小部分,但我们的目的是为支持澳大利亚乃至全球的大规模恢复行动贡献自己的见解。
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Learnings from the past to inform future ecosystem restoration projects: an Australian perspective
Coastal and marine ecosystems provide valuable ecosystem services and functions. Unfortunately, these habitats have experienced increasing anthropogenic and climate‐related pressures, leading to significant degradation and loss not only in Australia but also globally. Hence, the urgency for coastal and marine ecosystem restoration has never been more pronounced. We present a synthesis of 151 projects on coastal and marine restoration in Australia spanning mangrove, seagrass, tidal marsh, kelp, shellfish reef, and coral ecosystems. Our findings reveal increased restoration efforts over the past 30 years, with an increased focus on coral and shellfish reef habitats. Across Australia, most efforts were in southeastern Australia, with a noticeable gap in the Northern Territory. Restoration strategies focused on enhancing propagule availability (74%) and substrate availability (42%), with additional efforts toward implementing top–down (7%) and bottom–up (4%) controls to boost natural recruitment. Projects were carried out with the participation mostly of research universities (45%), followed by state government entities (42%), philanthropy (34%), and private companies (16%). Funding came primarily from governmental sources, such as state government entities (50%), the commonwealth (44%), and philanthropy (19%). Restoration outcomes are centered on monitoring growth and survival resulting from both single and multiple restoration actions. Our findings highlight key factors influencing natural recruitment across habitat types, where sedimentation and species reproductive biology play a critical role. While acknowledging that our results represent only a small fraction of Australia's coastal and marine restoration efforts, our intent is to contribute insights that can support large‐scale restoration actions not only in Australia but also on a global scale.
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
期刊最新文献
How does restoration ecology consider climate change uncertainties in forested ecosystems? Does decline and recovery process affect clonal and genetic diversity of a coastal plant population? Salt tolerance of native trees relevant to the restoration of degraded landscapes in the Monte region, Argentina Frequency of association: a key indicator for assessing livestock grazing effects on dryland plant interactions, applicable in restoration Low retention of restocked laboratory‐reared long‐spined sea urchins Diadema antillarum due to Spanish hogfish Bodianus rufus predation
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