洗衣机过滤器减少微塑料排放:公民科学研究估算微纤维捕获潜力并评估其社会接受度

Q2 Environmental Science Environmental Challenges Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.envc.2024.100984
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引用次数: 0

摘要

微塑料在环境中的积累,特别是由于合成衣物洗涤水的巨大贡献,导致需要开发基于源头的截留解决方案。该项目的目标是评估洗衣机过滤器在实际洗衣条件下从家庭废水中捕捉微纤维的能力。这包括制定一套针对洗衣机棉絮样本的微纤维量化方案,估算洗衣机过滤器捕捉微纤维的潜力,以及评估在家庭中使用此类过滤器的社会接受度。招募的志愿者正常使用洗衣机,在 6 个月的时间内收集过滤器中的绒毛,并记录每次洗衣的信息。使用塑料对照和绒毛样本对各种试剂进行了测试,以选出最有效的试剂,在去除有机物的同时不影响微塑料。通过质量平衡和目测计数,对显微视觉变化、傅立叶变换红外光谱化学特征以及消化方案的功效进行了评估。在剔除了影响塑料完整性的消解方案后,确定了确保最有效的有机物质量损失的方案:30%的 H2O2 在室温(RT)下消解 5 天、3%的 NaOCl 在室温(RT)下消解 24 小时,以及 30%的 H2O2 在 40 °C 下消解 24 小时。傅立叶变换红外光谱成功识别了化学特征。NaOCl 暴露后,阳性样品(棉花和纤维素)发生了更明显的变化。据估计,消解后残留的超细纤维的平均质量为每升洗涤水 4.62 毫克或每千克洗涤衣物 61 毫克。调查显示,67.8%的志愿参与者认为过滤器的安装具有挑战性,21.4%的参与者不得不聘请水管工,这凸显了大规模实施洗衣机过滤器可能面临的挑战。
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Washing machine filters to mitigate microplastics release: Citizen science study to estimate microfibers capture potential and assess their social acceptability

The accumulation of microplastics in the environment, particularly due to the significant contribution of synthetic clothing washing water, leads to a need for developing source-based retention solutions. The project's objective is to assess the capability of washing machine filters to capture microfibers from domestic wastewater under real laundry conditions. This involves developing a protocol for quantifying microfibers tailored to washing machine lint samples, estimating the potential microfiber capture by washing machine filters, and evaluating the social acceptability of using such filters in households. Volunteers were recruited and they used their washing machines normally, collecting lint in the filter over a 6-month period and documenting information for each load. Various reagents were tested using plastic controls and lint samples to select the most efficient one for removing organic matter without affecting microplastics. Microscopic visual alterations, chemical signatures via FTIR, and the efficacy of the digestion protocol were assessed through mass balance and visual counting. After discarding digestion protocols affecting plastic integrity, those ensuring the most efficient mass loss of organic matter were identified as H2O2 30 % for 5 days at room temperature (RT), NaOCl 3 % for 24 h at RT, and H2O2 30 % at 40 °C for 24 h. Polyester, acrylic, and polyamide controls were tested with NaOCl 3 % for 24 h and H2O2 30 % for 5 days, showing no changes in SEM images. The FTIR successfully recognized the chemical signature. More significant alterations on positive samples (cotton and cellulose) were observed after NaOCl exposure. The mean mass of microfibers remaining after digestion was estimated at 4.62 mg per liter of washing water or 61 mg/kg of washed garment. The survey revealed that 67.8 % of volunteer participants found the filter installation challenging, and 21.4 % had to hire a plumber, highlighting potential challenges associated with implementing washing machine filters on a large scale.

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来源期刊
Environmental Challenges
Environmental Challenges Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
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