与传统热挤压相比,摩擦搅拌挤压 AA6061 的效率和微观结构预测

IF 3.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.3390/jmmp8040172
S. Bocchi, Marco Zambelli, G. D’Urso, Claudio Giardini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

传统的铝回收消耗大量能源,并对二次合金产生负面影响。为了解决这个具有挑战性的问题,摩擦搅拌挤压技术获得了专利,这是一种创新的固态回收技术,可以直接挤压可回收材料的部件。近年来,开发摩擦搅拌挤压模拟模型对于深入了解其基本物理原理至关重要。同时,还需要控制挤压型材的微观结构演变,因为它对机械性能有相当大的影响。这项研究采用单一拉格朗日模型,同时适用于 FSE 和传统热挤压工艺。模拟探索了各种转速和喂料速率,发现它们对晶粒大小和粘合质量有显著影响。在该模型中应用了不同的子程序,以研究 FSE 工艺与传统热挤压工艺在挤压件的能量需求、质量和微观结构方面的影响。研究结果表明,在中等转速(600-800 rpm)和较低喂料速率(1 mm/s)条件下,晶粒细化效果最佳。能量分析表明,与传统的热挤压相比,FSE 所需的总能量更低,这主要归功于轴向推力的减少和更有效的热管理。因此,可以确保所开发的模拟模型能够完全适用于这两种工艺,并能在工艺过程中直接预测微观结构的变化,而不仅仅是在挤压结束时预测微观结构的变化。研究得出结论,FSE 是一种生产高质量挤压棒材的高效方法,所开发的模拟模型为工艺优化提供了宝贵的见解。该模型对各种起始材料和条件的适应性突显了其在挤压技术中更广泛应用的潜力。
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Efficiency and Microstructural Forecasts in Friction Stir Extrusion Compared to Traditional Hot Extrusion of AA6061
Conventional aluminum recycling consumes a substantial amount of energy and has a negative impact on secondary alloys. To address this challenging topic, Friction Stir Extrusion has been patented, which represents an innovative solid-state recycling technique that enables the direct extrusion of components from recyclable materials. In recent years, developing simulation models for Friction Stir Extrusion has become essential for gaining a deeper understanding of its underlying physics. Simultaneously, control of the microstructure evolution of extruded profiles is required, as it has a considerable influence on mechanical properties. This research involves a single Lagrangian model, adapted for both the FSE and the traditional hot extrusion processes. The simulations explored various rotational speeds and feed rates, revealing significant effects on grain size and bonding quality. To this model were applied different sub-routines, to investigate the impact of the FSE process with respect to the traditional hot extrusion process in terms of energy demands, quality and microstructure of the extruded pieces. The findings demonstrated that optimal grain refinement occurs at intermediate rotational speeds (600–800 rpm) combined with lower feed rates (1 mm/s). The energy analyses indicated that FSE requires lower total energy compared to traditional hot extrusion, primarily due to the reduced axial thrust and more efficient thermal management. As a result, it was possible to ensure the ability of the developed simulative model to be fully adapted for both processes and to forecast the microstructural changes directly during the process and not only at the end of the extrusion. The study concludes that FSE is a highly efficient method for producing high-quality extruded rods, with the developed simulation model providing valuable insights for process optimization. The model’s adaptability to various starting materials and conditions highlights its potential for broader applications in extrusion technology.
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来源期刊
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
6.20%
发文量
129
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊最新文献
Efficiency and Microstructural Forecasts in Friction Stir Extrusion Compared to Traditional Hot Extrusion of AA6061 A New Grinding Wheel Design with a 3D Internal Cooling Structure System Holistic Framework for the Implementation and Validation of PBF-LB/M with Risk Management for Individual Products through Predictive Process Stability Evaluation of Material Extrusion Printed PEEK Mold Inserts for Usage in Ceramic Injection Molding Material Parameter Identification for a Stress-State-Dependent Ductile Damage and Failure Model Applied to Clinch Joining
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