Maryna Ishchenko, Peter Berczik, Taras Panamarev, Dana Kuvatova, Mukhagali Kalambay, Anton Gluchshenko, Oleksandr Veles, Margaryta Sobolenko, Olexander Sobodar, Chingis Omarov
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We examine the global dynamical mass loss of these globular cluster systems, their close interactions with the Galactic centre, and the potential capture of stars by the Milky Way nuclear star cluster.<i>Methods.<i/> For the dynamical modelling of the clusters, we used the parallel <i>N<i/>-body code <i>φ<i/>-GPU, which allows star-by-star simulations of the systems. Our current code also enabled us to follow the stellar evolution of individual particles, including the formation of high-mass remnants. The modelling was carried out in a Milky Way-like, time-variable potential (with a dynamically changing mass and scale length), obtained from the IllustrisTNG-100 database, with a full integration time of eight billion years.<i>Results.<i/> Based on extensive numerical modelling and analysis, we estimated the mass loss and the global and inner structures of the selected six clusters. Over an evolution of eight billion years, the clusters lost ≈80% of their initial mass. We analysed the phase-space evolution of the individual unbound stars NGC 6681, NGC 6642, HP 1, and NGC 1904. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景。基于盖亚DR3,我们重建了已知银河球状星团的轨道演化,发现NGC 6681、NGC 6981、Palomar 6、NGC 6642、HP 1和NGC 1904这六个天体很可能与核星团有密切的相互作用。我们研究了部分银河系球状星团的动力学演化及其在宇宙学时间尺度上与银河系中心的相互作用。我们研究了这些球状星团系统的全球动态质量损失、它们与银河中心的密切相互作用以及银河核星团对恒星的潜在捕获。为了建立球状星团的动力学模型,我们使用了并行 N-body 代码 φ-GPU,它可以对系统进行逐星模拟。我们目前的代码还可以跟踪单个粒子的恒星演化,包括高质残余物的形成。建模是在类似银河系的时变势能(质量和尺度长度动态变化)中进行的,该势能来自 IllustrisTNG-100 数据库,完整的积分时间为 80 亿年。基于大量的数值建模和分析,我们估算了所选六个星团的质量损失以及整体和内部结构。在80亿年的演化过程中,这些星团的质量损失≈80%。我们分析了 NGC 6681、NGC 6642、HP 1 和 NGC 1904 等单个非束缚恒星的相空间演化。我们发现,只有 NGC 6642 有可能是过去银河系核星团的填充源。
Dynamical evolution of Milky Way globular clusters on the cosmological timescale
Context. Based on the Gaia DR3, we reconstructed the orbital evolution of the known Milky Way globular clusters and found that six objects, NGC 6681, NGC 6981, Palomar 6, NGC 6642, HP 1, and NGC 1904, very likely interact closely with the nuclear star cluster.Aims. We study the dynamical evolution of selected Milky Way globular clusters and their interactions with the Galactic centre over cosmological timescales. We examine the global dynamical mass loss of these globular cluster systems, their close interactions with the Galactic centre, and the potential capture of stars by the Milky Way nuclear star cluster.Methods. For the dynamical modelling of the clusters, we used the parallel N-body code φ-GPU, which allows star-by-star simulations of the systems. Our current code also enabled us to follow the stellar evolution of individual particles, including the formation of high-mass remnants. The modelling was carried out in a Milky Way-like, time-variable potential (with a dynamically changing mass and scale length), obtained from the IllustrisTNG-100 database, with a full integration time of eight billion years.Results. Based on extensive numerical modelling and analysis, we estimated the mass loss and the global and inner structures of the selected six clusters. Over an evolution of eight billion years, the clusters lost ≈80% of their initial mass. We analysed the phase-space evolution of the individual unbound stars NGC 6681, NGC 6642, HP 1, and NGC 1904. We found that only NGC 6642 could potentially have been a source for populating the Milky Way nuclear star cluster in the past.
期刊介绍:
Astronomy & Astrophysics is an international Journal that publishes papers on all aspects of astronomy and astrophysics (theoretical, observational, and instrumental) independently of the techniques used to obtain the results.