Responsive Soft Interface Liquid Crystal Microfluidics

The multifunctional responsive interfaces of liquid crystal (LC) and water are employed in fundamental research (colloidal assembly) and promising applications (sensing, release, and material synthesis). The stagnant LC systems, however, limit their use in continuous, automated applications. A microfluidic platform is reported where stable LC flow is maintained between aqueous interfaces. The LC-water soft interface is defined by the preferential wetting of the two phases at the chemically heterogeneous microchannel interfaces. It is shown that the LC-water interfaces are stable up to significant pressure differences across the interfaces and maintain responsive characteristics. The stability is in a range to cover the perpendicular and flow-aligned regimes at low and high flow velocities, respectively, in co-current or counter-current flow configurations. The LC configuration at the vicinity of the aqueous interfaces is influenced by the shear induced by the bulk LC flow and by the contacting aqueous phases allowing modulation of the LC strain at the responsive interfaces. The simplicity of the construction and operation of the soft-interface LC flow platform shows promise and meets the fundamental requirements for their integration into next-generation autonomous platforms.