PDMS-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) under nanoscale investigation, employing a scanning near-field optical microscope. A conductive probe mounted at the end of the cantilever generates nanofocus for incident infrared irradiation, scattered light reveals the surface chemical properties of the pristine versus aged PDMS films. Breakage of SiO bonds results in the chain scission process that will degrade TENG performance. More details can be found in article 2400094 by Jin-Chong Tan and co-workers.
使用扫描近场光学显微镜对基于 PDMS 的三电纳米发电机 (TENG) 进行纳米级研究。安装在悬臂末端的导电探针产生纳米焦点，用于入射红外线照射，散射光揭示了原始 PDMS 薄膜和老化 PDMS 薄膜的表面化学特性。SiO 键的断裂会导致链裂过程，从而降低 TENG 的性能。更多详情，请参阅 Jin-Chong Tan 及其合作者撰写的文章 2400094。
{"title":"Unravelling the Ageing Effects of PDMS-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 19/2024)","authors":"Tianhuai Xu, Jiahao Ye, Jin-Chong Tan","doi":"10.1002/admi.202470049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202470049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Triboelectricity</b></p><p>PDMS-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) under nanoscale investigation, employing a scanning near-field optical microscope. A conductive probe mounted at the end of the cantilever generates nanofocus for incident infrared irradiation, scattered light reveals the surface chemical properties of the pristine versus aged PDMS films. Breakage of Si<span></span>O bonds results in the chain scission process that will degrade TENG performance. More details can be found in article 2400094 by Jin-Chong Tan and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.202470049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Tollemeto, Isidro Badillo-Ramírez, Lasse Højlund Eklund Thamdrup, Yudong Li, Mahdi Ghavami, Tania Patiño Padial, Jørn B. Christensen, Jan van Hest, Anja Boisen
Nanoparticles
In article 2400107, Matteo Tollemeto and co-workers present a systematic and comprehensive study through a multidisciplinary approach combining conventional and novel techniques for in vitro studies to understand the key molecular interactions between nanoparticles and mucin. Cover art design by Matteo Tollemeto, Eleftheria Pantazoglou and the team of Inmywork Studio.
{"title":"A Systematic Study on the Physicochemical Interactions Between Polymeric Micelles and Mucin: Toward the Development of Optimal Drug Delivery Nanocarriers (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 19/2024)","authors":"Matteo Tollemeto, Isidro Badillo-Ramírez, Lasse Højlund Eklund Thamdrup, Yudong Li, Mahdi Ghavami, Tania Patiño Padial, Jørn B. Christensen, Jan van Hest, Anja Boisen","doi":"10.1002/admi.202470047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202470047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Nanoparticles</b></p><p>In article 2400107, Matteo Tollemeto and co-workers present a systematic and comprehensive study through a multidisciplinary approach combining conventional and novel techniques for in vitro studies to understand the key molecular interactions between nanoparticles and mucin. Cover art design by Matteo Tollemeto, Eleftheria Pantazoglou and the team of Inmywork Studio.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.202470047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arash Badami‐Behjat, Tamara Rinkovec, Pavel Procházka, Anastasiia Bazylevska, Miriam C. RodríguezGonzález, Hai Cao, Jan Čechal, Steven De Feyter, Markus Lackinger
At elevated temperatures, the prototypical organic solvents used to study the self‐assembly of supramolecular monolayers at liquid–solid interfaces alter a graphite substrate by intercalation. As a consequence, less strongly bound supramolecular monolayers become thermodynamically unstable, as probed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Complementary characterization by atomic force microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy and low energy electron microscopy consistently points to subsurface changes in the top few layers of the graphite substrate due to solvent intercalation. High‐temperature annealing at 900 °C in the vacuum restores the adsorption properties of the graphite substrates, indicating a high activation energy for deintercalation. However, strongly adsorbing hydrogen‐bonded monolayers of trimesic acid inhibit solvent intercalation and thus protect the graphite substrate. Mildly solvent‐intercalated graphite may prove useful as an easily prepared graphitic material with further weakened adsorption properties.
在高温条件下，用于研究液固界面超分子单分子层自组装的原型有机溶剂会通过插层作用改变石墨基底。因此，结合强度较低的超分子单层在热力学上变得不稳定，这一点可以通过扫描隧道显微镜进行探测。通过原子力显微镜、共焦拉曼光谱和低能电子显微镜进行的补充表征一致表明，溶剂插层导致石墨基底顶部几层发生了次表面变化。900 °C 真空高温退火可恢复石墨基底的吸附特性，这表明去插层的活化能很高。然而，强吸附氢键的三羟甲基酸单层抑制了溶剂插层，从而保护了石墨基底。轻度溶剂插层石墨可能被证明是一种易于制备的石墨材料，具有进一步减弱的吸附特性。
{"title":"Reversible Intercalation of Organic Solvents in Graphite and Its Hindrance by a Strongly Adsorbing Supramolecular Monolayer","authors":"Arash Badami‐Behjat, Tamara Rinkovec, Pavel Procházka, Anastasiia Bazylevska, Miriam C. RodríguezGonzález, Hai Cao, Jan Čechal, Steven De Feyter, Markus Lackinger","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400346","url":null,"abstract":"At elevated temperatures, the prototypical organic solvents used to study the self‐assembly of supramolecular monolayers at liquid–solid interfaces alter a graphite substrate by intercalation. As a consequence, less strongly bound supramolecular monolayers become thermodynamically unstable, as probed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Complementary characterization by atomic force microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy and low energy electron microscopy consistently points to subsurface changes in the top few layers of the graphite substrate due to solvent intercalation. High‐temperature annealing at 900 °C in the vacuum restores the adsorption properties of the graphite substrates, indicating a high activation energy for deintercalation. However, strongly adsorbing hydrogen‐bonded monolayers of trimesic acid inhibit solvent intercalation and thus protect the graphite substrate. Mildly solvent‐intercalated graphite may prove useful as an easily prepared graphitic material with further weakened adsorption properties.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyoungjae Song, Yujin Roh, Hyewon Park, Jeong Young Park
Utilizing hot carriers induced by surface plasmon resonance in solar energy conversion to chemical fuels is a crucial issue in the field of photocatalysis. To achieve practical efficiency in plasmonic hot carrier application to photocatalysts, it is essential to theoretically and experimentally understand the generation, relaxation, and transfer of hot carriers. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes can offer a pathway to investigate the transfer dynamics of hot electrons (or hot holes) and enhance the efficiency of both hot carrier transfer and catalytic activity. This work summarizes a theoretical and experimental understanding of the hot carrier effect, emphasizing the hot carrier transfer dynamics to investigate the exact role of hot carriers in PEC reactions. The principles of hot carrier detection, diverse applications of hot carrier‐based photocatalysis, and perspectives for possible future progress are discussed.
{"title":"Plasmonic Hot Carrier‐Driven Photoelectrochemical Processes: Principle, Detection and Application","authors":"Kyoungjae Song, Yujin Roh, Hyewon Park, Jeong Young Park","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400273","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing hot carriers induced by surface plasmon resonance in solar energy conversion to chemical fuels is a crucial issue in the field of photocatalysis. To achieve practical efficiency in plasmonic hot carrier application to photocatalysts, it is essential to theoretically and experimentally understand the generation, relaxation, and transfer of hot carriers. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) processes can offer a pathway to investigate the transfer dynamics of hot electrons (or hot holes) and enhance the efficiency of both hot carrier transfer and catalytic activity. This work summarizes a theoretical and experimental understanding of the hot carrier effect, emphasizing the hot carrier transfer dynamics to investigate the exact role of hot carriers in PEC reactions. The principles of hot carrier detection, diverse applications of hot carrier‐based photocatalysis, and perspectives for possible future progress are discussed.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarabpreet Singh, Mahdi Ghafariasl, Hsin‐Yu Ko, Sampath Gamage, Robert A. DiStasio, Michael Snure, Yohannes Abate
Since the first isolation of graphene, the importance of van der Waals (vdW) interactions has become increasingly recognized in the burgeoning field of layered materials. In this work, infrared nanoimaging techniques and theoretical modeling are used to unravel the critical role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability of violet phosphorus (VP)—a recently rediscovered wide bandgap p‐type semiconductor—when exfoliated on different substrates. It is demonstrated that vdW interactions with the underlying substrate can have a profound influence on the stability of exfoliated VP flakes and investigate how these interactions are affected by flake thickness, substrate properties (e.g., substrate hydrophilicity, surface roughness), and the exfoliation process. These findings highlight the key role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability and physical properties of layered materials, and can be used to guide substrate selection in the preparation and study of this important class of materials.
自从首次分离出石墨烯以来，范德华（vdW）相互作用的重要性在蓬勃发展的层状材料领域日益得到认可。在这项研究中，利用红外纳米成像技术和理论建模揭示了界面范德华相互作用在管理紫磷（VP）--一种最近重新发现的宽带隙 p 型半导体--在不同基底上剥离时的稳定性方面所起的关键作用。研究表明，VdW 与底层衬底的相互作用会对剥离的 VP 薄片的稳定性产生深远影响，并研究了这些相互作用如何受到薄片厚度、衬底特性（如衬底亲水性、表面粗糙度）和剥离过程的影响。这些发现凸显了界面 vdW 相互作用在管理层状材料的稳定性和物理性质方面所起的关键作用，可用于指导制备和研究这类重要材料时的基底选择。
{"title":"Substrate Induced van der Waals Force Effects on the Stability of Violet Phosphorus","authors":"Sarabpreet Singh, Mahdi Ghafariasl, Hsin‐Yu Ko, Sampath Gamage, Robert A. DiStasio, Michael Snure, Yohannes Abate","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400326","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first isolation of graphene, the importance of van der Waals (vdW) interactions has become increasingly recognized in the burgeoning field of layered materials. In this work, infrared nanoimaging techniques and theoretical modeling are used to unravel the critical role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability of violet phosphorus (VP)—a recently rediscovered wide bandgap p‐type semiconductor—when exfoliated on different substrates. It is demonstrated that vdW interactions with the underlying substrate can have a profound influence on the stability of exfoliated VP flakes and investigate how these interactions are affected by flake thickness, substrate properties (e.g., substrate hydrophilicity, surface roughness), and the exfoliation process. These findings highlight the key role played by interfacial vdW interactions in governing the stability and physical properties of layered materials, and can be used to guide substrate selection in the preparation and study of this important class of materials.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141527643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leslie Askew, Aimee Sweeney, David Cox, Maxim Shkunov
For the prosthetic retina, a device replacing dysfunctional cones and rods, with the ability to mimic the spectral response properties of these photoreceptors and provide electrical stimulation signals to activate residual visual pathways, can relay sufficient data to the brain for interpretation as color vision. Organic semiconductors including conjugated polymers with four different bandgaps providing wavelength‐specific electrical responses are ideal candidates for potential full‐color vision restoration. Here, conjugated polymer photocapacitor devices immersed in electrolyte are demonstrated to elicit a photovoltage measured by a Ag/AgCl electrode 100 microns from the device of ≈−40 mV for 15–39 µW mm−2 of incident light power density at three wavelengths: 405 nm for blue photoreceptor candidate material, 534 nm for green, 634 nm for red. Photoresponse is substantially improved by introducing polymer donor/acceptor molecules bulk heterojunctions. Devices with bulk heterojunction configurations achieved at least −70 mV for green candidates with the highest at −200 mV for red cone candidates. These findings highlight the potential for organic materials to bridge the gap toward natural vision restoration for retinal dystrophic conditions such as age‐related macular degeneration, Stargardt disease, or retinitis pigmentosa and contribute to the ongoing advancements in visual prosthetic devices.
{"title":"Toward Full‐Color Vision Restoration: Conjugated Polymers as Key Functional Materials in Artificial Retinal Prosthetics","authors":"Leslie Askew, Aimee Sweeney, David Cox, Maxim Shkunov","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400128","url":null,"abstract":"For the prosthetic retina, a device replacing dysfunctional cones and rods, with the ability to mimic the spectral response properties of these photoreceptors and provide electrical stimulation signals to activate residual visual pathways, can relay sufficient data to the brain for interpretation as color vision. Organic semiconductors including conjugated polymers with four different bandgaps providing wavelength‐specific electrical responses are ideal candidates for potential full‐color vision restoration. Here, conjugated polymer photocapacitor devices immersed in electrolyte are demonstrated to elicit a photovoltage measured by a Ag/AgCl electrode 100 microns from the device of ≈−40 mV for 15–39 µW mm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> of incident light power density at three wavelengths: 405 nm for blue photoreceptor candidate material, 534 nm for green, 634 nm for red. Photoresponse is substantially improved by introducing polymer donor/acceptor molecules bulk heterojunctions. Devices with bulk heterojunction configurations achieved at least −70 mV for green candidates with the highest at −200 mV for red cone candidates. These findings highlight the potential for organic materials to bridge the gap toward natural vision restoration for retinal dystrophic conditions such as age‐related macular degeneration, Stargardt disease, or retinitis pigmentosa and contribute to the ongoing advancements in visual prosthetic devices.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yusuke Asakura, Mandy H. M. Leung, Hirokatsu Miyata, Yusuke Yamauchi
Mesoporous materials find widespread applications due to their high specific surface area, contributing to enhanced performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of mesoporous materials provides valuable insights into their mesostructures. However, direct observation of the outermost surfaces, which often dictate material properties, remains challenging, especially for highly insulating and fragile compounds. In this study, utilizing SEM observation with ultra‐low‐voltage acceleration directed by Gemini column is proposed to achieve direct surface imaging of mesoporous organic materials with highly insulating and fragile characteristics. By observing mesostructured polymers obtained through a soft‐templating method without washing, stuffed pores are identified allowing the differentiation of micelle templates and polymer walls. Moreover, leveraging SEM measurements, a polymerization mechanism is proposed for dopamine on the polymer micelles adhered to the graphene oxide nanosheets. These findings demonstrate the potential of SEM measurements with ultra‐low accelerating voltage in facilitating surface observations of polymer‐derived nanomaterials characterized by high insulating properties and a fragile framework.
{"title":"Surface Insights of Mesoporous Fragile Organic Materials Under Ultra‐Low‐Voltage Directed by Gemini Column","authors":"Yusuke Asakura, Mandy H. M. Leung, Hirokatsu Miyata, Yusuke Yamauchi","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400247","url":null,"abstract":"Mesoporous materials find widespread applications due to their high specific surface area, contributing to enhanced performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of mesoporous materials provides valuable insights into their mesostructures. However, direct observation of the outermost surfaces, which often dictate material properties, remains challenging, especially for highly insulating and fragile compounds. In this study, utilizing SEM observation with ultra‐low‐voltage acceleration directed by Gemini column is proposed to achieve direct surface imaging of mesoporous organic materials with highly insulating and fragile characteristics. By observing mesostructured polymers obtained through a soft‐templating method without washing, stuffed pores are identified allowing the differentiation of micelle templates and polymer walls. Moreover, leveraging SEM measurements, a polymerization mechanism is proposed for dopamine on the polymer micelles adhered to the graphene oxide nanosheets. These findings demonstrate the potential of SEM measurements with ultra‐low accelerating voltage in facilitating surface observations of polymer‐derived nanomaterials characterized by high insulating properties and a fragile framework.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141527711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paloma Ruiz Kärkkäinen, Georgi Popov, Timo Hatanpää, Antti Kemppinen, Katja Kohopää, Mohammad Bagheri, Hannu‐Pekka Komsa, Mikko Heikkilä, Kenichiro Mizohata, Mykhailo Chundak, Petro Deminskyi, Anton Vihervaara, Mário Ribeiro, Joel Hätinen, Joonas Govenius, Matti Putkonen, Mikko Ritala
The development of deposition processes for metal carbide thin films is rapidly advancing, driven by their potential for applications including catalysis, batteries, and semiconductor devices. Within this landscape, atomic layer deposition (ALD) offers exceptional conformality, uniformity, and thickness control on spatially complex structures. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the thermal ALD of MoCx with MoCl5 and 1,4‐bis(trimethylgermyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrazine [(Me3Ge)2DHP] as precursors, focusing on the functional properties and characterization of the films. The depositions are conducted at 200–300 °C and very smooth films with RMS Rq ≈0.3–0.6 nm on Si, TiN, and HfO2 substrates are obtained. The process has a high growth rate of 1.5 Å cycle−1 and the films appear to be continuous already after 5 cycles. The films are conductive even at thicknesses below 5 nm, and films above 18 nm exhibit superconductivity up to 4.4 K. In lieu of suitable references, Raman modes for molybdenum carbides and nitrides are calculated and X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used for phase analysis.
由于金属碳化物薄膜在催化、电池和半导体器件等方面的应用潜力，其沉积工艺的发展日新月异。在这一背景下，原子层沉积（ALD）可在空间复杂结构上提供优异的保形性、均匀性和厚度控制。本文以 MoCl5 和 1,4-双（三甲基锗基）-1,4-二氢吡嗪 [(Me3Ge)2DHP]为前驱体，对 MoCx 的热 ALD 进行了全面研究，重点关注薄膜的功能特性和表征。沉积过程在 200-300 °C 下进行，在 Si、TiN 和 HfO2 基底上获得了 RMS Rq ≈0.3-0.6 nm 的非常光滑的薄膜。该工艺具有 1.5 Å 周期-1 的高生长率，并且在 5 个周期后薄膜看起来已经是连续的。在没有合适参考资料的情况下，我们计算了碳化钼和氮化钼的拉曼模式，并使用 X 射线衍射和 X 射线光电子能谱进行了相分析。
{"title":"Atomic Layer Deposition of Molybdenum Carbide Thin Films","authors":"Paloma Ruiz Kärkkäinen, Georgi Popov, Timo Hatanpää, Antti Kemppinen, Katja Kohopää, Mohammad Bagheri, Hannu‐Pekka Komsa, Mikko Heikkilä, Kenichiro Mizohata, Mykhailo Chundak, Petro Deminskyi, Anton Vihervaara, Mário Ribeiro, Joel Hätinen, Joonas Govenius, Matti Putkonen, Mikko Ritala","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400270","url":null,"abstract":"The development of deposition processes for metal carbide thin films is rapidly advancing, driven by their potential for applications including catalysis, batteries, and semiconductor devices. Within this landscape, atomic layer deposition (ALD) offers exceptional conformality, uniformity, and thickness control on spatially complex structures. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the thermal ALD of MoC<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> with MoCl<jats:sub>5</jats:sub> and 1,4‐bis(trimethylgermyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrazine [(Me<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>Ge)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>DHP] as precursors, focusing on the functional properties and characterization of the films. The depositions are conducted at 200–300 °C and very smooth films with RMS Rq ≈0.3–0.6 nm on Si, TiN, and HfO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> substrates are obtained. The process has a high growth rate of 1.5 Å cycle<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and the films appear to be continuous already after 5 cycles. The films are conductive even at thicknesses below 5 nm, and films above 18 nm exhibit superconductivity up to 4.4 K. In lieu of suitable references, Raman modes for molybdenum carbides and nitrides are calculated and X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used for phase analysis.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanako Watanabe, Tom A. J. Welling, Rafael G. Mendes, Zahra Peimanifard, Maarten Bransen, Hikaru Namigata, Marijn A. van Huis, Daisuke Nagao, Alfons van Blaaderen
Ionic transport through porous membranes and porous materials has received enormous attention due to its importance to many applications. An innovative methodology is proposed to study ion diffusion and ion sieving through mesoporous silica membranes (shells). The mobility of fluorescently labeled core particles within a hollow porous shell, filled with an index‐matched electrolyte solution, is observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The core motion range, i.e., the area explored by the core within the hollow compartment, sensitively changed depending on the local ionic concentration. Monitoring transitions in the core motion range is a practical way to detect which ions can migrate through the shells and on what timescale. For instance, lithium and chloride ions easily diffused through the porous silica shells, resulting in a core motion range that changed relatively quickly upon change of the ion concentrations outside of the shell. However, the motion range changed significantly slower upon changing to a bigger cation (tetraoctylammonium ion). This proof of principle experiment can be explained by the Gibbs‐Donnan effect, revealing that the detection of core motion ranges is a good probe to measure both ion diffusion and ion sieving through porous membranes.
{"title":"Probing Ion Diffusion and Ion Sieving through Hollow Porous Silica Shells by Imaging the Mobility of Colloids Inside the Shells","authors":"Kanako Watanabe, Tom A. J. Welling, Rafael G. Mendes, Zahra Peimanifard, Maarten Bransen, Hikaru Namigata, Marijn A. van Huis, Daisuke Nagao, Alfons van Blaaderen","doi":"10.1002/admi.202400333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400333","url":null,"abstract":"Ionic transport through porous membranes and porous materials has received enormous attention due to its importance to many applications. An innovative methodology is proposed to study ion diffusion and ion sieving through mesoporous silica membranes (shells). The mobility of fluorescently labeled core particles within a hollow porous shell, filled with an index‐matched electrolyte solution, is observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The core motion range, i.e., the area explored by the core within the hollow compartment, sensitively changed depending on the local ionic concentration. Monitoring transitions in the core motion range is a practical way to detect which ions can migrate through the shells and on what timescale. For instance, lithium and chloride ions easily diffused through the porous silica shells, resulting in a core motion range that changed relatively quickly upon change of the ion concentrations outside of the shell. However, the motion range changed significantly slower upon changing to a bigger cation (tetraoctylammonium ion). This proof of principle experiment can be explained by the Gibbs‐Donnan effect, revealing that the detection of core motion ranges is a good probe to measure both ion diffusion and ion sieving through porous membranes.","PeriodicalId":115,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141509942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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