Felicitas Mayinger , Andrea Lösch , Elena Reznikova , Christian Wilhelm , Bogna Stawarczyk
{"title":"银涂层沸石填料对 3D 打印聚苯砜修复体化学和机械性能的影响。","authors":"Felicitas Mayinger , Andrea Lösch , Elena Reznikova , Christian Wilhelm , Bogna Stawarczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106756","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the chemical and mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU) depending on its composition and manufacturing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Unfilled–PPSU1 and with antimicrobial silver coated zeolites filled–PPSU2 specimens were made of granulate–GR, filament–FI, or printed–3D. Scanning microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy were performed. Martens hardness–HM, elastic indentation modulus–E<sub>IT</sub> and flexural strength–FS were determined initially and after aging. Shear bond strength–SBS to veneering and luting composite after conditioning with 7 adhesive systems were examined after aging. Silver leaching was tested after 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28- and 42 days. Analyses of variance, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney <em>U</em>, unpaired t-tests and Weibull modulus were computed (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Zeolites were homogeneously distributed. PPSU1-GR and PPSU1-FI showed the highest HM/E<sub>IT</sub>, followed by PPSU2-GR, PPSU1-3D and PPSU2-3D. PPSU2-FI presented the lowest HM/E<sub>IT</sub>, displaying micro pits. Aging showed reduced HM/E<sub>IT</sub> in PPSU1 and no impact on PPSU2, while FS increased (PPSU1) or decreased (PPSU2). PPSU2-3D presented lower FS than PPSU1-3D. High SBS to the luting (7.0–16.2 MPa) and veneering composite (11.8–22.2 MPa), except for adhesive system PR, were observed. PPSU2-3D showed the highest silver release (9.6%), with all compositions dispensing silver over 42 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For the examined period of 6 weeks, antimicrobial silver ions were released from filled PPSU. The high SBS between PPSU and veneering/luting composite confirmed the feasibility of esthetically veneering and luting filled PPSU. To achieve mechanical properties like unfilled PPSU, the processing parameters of filled PPSU require refinement.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>This investigation provides proof of principle that PPSU can be successfully doped with silver-coated zeolites. The combination of 3D-printing with an antimicrobial thermoplastic constitutes a great opportunity in the field of prosthetic dentistry. Potential applications include clasps for removable dental prostheses, provisional or permanent fixed dental prostheses and implant abutments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 106756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of silver coated zeolite fillers on the chemical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed polyphenylene sulfone restorations\",\"authors\":\"Felicitas Mayinger , Andrea Lösch , Elena Reznikova , Christian Wilhelm , Bogna Stawarczyk\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106756\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the chemical and mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU) depending on its composition and manufacturing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Unfilled–PPSU1 and with antimicrobial silver coated zeolites filled–PPSU2 specimens were made of granulate–GR, filament–FI, or printed–3D. Scanning microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy were performed. Martens hardness–HM, elastic indentation modulus–E<sub>IT</sub> and flexural strength–FS were determined initially and after aging. Shear bond strength–SBS to veneering and luting composite after conditioning with 7 adhesive systems were examined after aging. Silver leaching was tested after 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28- and 42 days. Analyses of variance, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney <em>U</em>, unpaired t-tests and Weibull modulus were computed (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Zeolites were homogeneously distributed. PPSU1-GR and PPSU1-FI showed the highest HM/E<sub>IT</sub>, followed by PPSU2-GR, PPSU1-3D and PPSU2-3D. PPSU2-FI presented the lowest HM/E<sub>IT</sub>, displaying micro pits. Aging showed reduced HM/E<sub>IT</sub> in PPSU1 and no impact on PPSU2, while FS increased (PPSU1) or decreased (PPSU2). PPSU2-3D presented lower FS than PPSU1-3D. High SBS to the luting (7.0–16.2 MPa) and veneering composite (11.8–22.2 MPa), except for adhesive system PR, were observed. PPSU2-3D showed the highest silver release (9.6%), with all compositions dispensing silver over 42 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For the examined period of 6 weeks, antimicrobial silver ions were released from filled PPSU. The high SBS between PPSU and veneering/luting composite confirmed the feasibility of esthetically veneering and luting filled PPSU. To achieve mechanical properties like unfilled PPSU, the processing parameters of filled PPSU require refinement.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>This investigation provides proof of principle that PPSU can be successfully doped with silver-coated zeolites. The combination of 3D-printing with an antimicrobial thermoplastic constitutes a great opportunity in the field of prosthetic dentistry. Potential applications include clasps for removable dental prostheses, provisional or permanent fixed dental prostheses and implant abutments.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":380,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials\",\"volume\":\"160 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106756\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616124003886\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616124003886","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of silver coated zeolite fillers on the chemical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed polyphenylene sulfone restorations
Objectives
To investigate the chemical and mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU) depending on its composition and manufacturing.
Methods
Unfilled–PPSU1 and with antimicrobial silver coated zeolites filled–PPSU2 specimens were made of granulate–GR, filament–FI, or printed–3D. Scanning microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy were performed. Martens hardness–HM, elastic indentation modulus–EIT and flexural strength–FS were determined initially and after aging. Shear bond strength–SBS to veneering and luting composite after conditioning with 7 adhesive systems were examined after aging. Silver leaching was tested after 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28- and 42 days. Analyses of variance, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, unpaired t-tests and Weibull modulus were computed (p < 0.05).
Results
Zeolites were homogeneously distributed. PPSU1-GR and PPSU1-FI showed the highest HM/EIT, followed by PPSU2-GR, PPSU1-3D and PPSU2-3D. PPSU2-FI presented the lowest HM/EIT, displaying micro pits. Aging showed reduced HM/EIT in PPSU1 and no impact on PPSU2, while FS increased (PPSU1) or decreased (PPSU2). PPSU2-3D presented lower FS than PPSU1-3D. High SBS to the luting (7.0–16.2 MPa) and veneering composite (11.8–22.2 MPa), except for adhesive system PR, were observed. PPSU2-3D showed the highest silver release (9.6%), with all compositions dispensing silver over 42 days.
Conclusions
For the examined period of 6 weeks, antimicrobial silver ions were released from filled PPSU. The high SBS between PPSU and veneering/luting composite confirmed the feasibility of esthetically veneering and luting filled PPSU. To achieve mechanical properties like unfilled PPSU, the processing parameters of filled PPSU require refinement.
Clinical significance
This investigation provides proof of principle that PPSU can be successfully doped with silver-coated zeolites. The combination of 3D-printing with an antimicrobial thermoplastic constitutes a great opportunity in the field of prosthetic dentistry. Potential applications include clasps for removable dental prostheses, provisional or permanent fixed dental prostheses and implant abutments.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials is concerned with the mechanical deformation, damage and failure under applied forces, of biological material (at the tissue, cellular and molecular levels) and of biomaterials, i.e. those materials which are designed to mimic or replace biological materials.
The primary focus of the journal is the synthesis of materials science, biology, and medical and dental science. Reports of fundamental scientific investigations are welcome, as are articles concerned with the practical application of materials in medical devices. Both experimental and theoretical work is of interest; theoretical papers will normally include comparison of predictions with experimental data, though we recognize that this may not always be appropriate. The journal also publishes technical notes concerned with emerging experimental or theoretical techniques, letters to the editor and, by invitation, review articles and papers describing existing techniques for the benefit of an interdisciplinary readership.
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