Berthold Koletzko, Eva Reischl, Conny Tanjung, Ines Gonzalez-Casanova, Usha Ramakrishnan, Suzanne Meldrum, Karen Simmer, Joachim Heinrich, Hans Demmelmair
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FADS1 and FADS2 Polymorphisms Modulate Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Impact on Health.
Variants in the FADS gene cluster modify the activity of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) desaturation and the lipid composition in human blood and tissue. FADS variants have been associated with plasma lipid concentrations, risk of cardiovascular diseases, overweight, eczema, pregnancy outcomes, and cognitive function. Studies on variations in the FADS genecluster provided some of the first examples for marked gene-diet interactions in modulating complex phenotypes, such as eczema, asthma, and cognition. Genotype distribution differs markedly among ethnicities, apparently reflecting an evolutionary advantage of genotypes enabling active long-chain PUFA synthesis when the introduction of agriculture provided diets rich in linoleic acid but with little arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. Discovering differential effects of PUFA supply that depend on variation of FADS genotypes could open new opportunities for developing precision nutrition strategies based either on an individual's genotype or on genotype distributions in specific populations.
期刊介绍：
Annual Review of Nutrition
Publication History:In publication since 1981
Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition
Topics Covered Include:
Energy metabolism;
Carbohydrates;
Lipids;
Proteins and amino acids;
Vitamins;
Minerals;
Nutrient transport and function;
Metabolic regulation;
Nutritional genomics;
Molecular and cell biology;
Clinical nutrition;
Comparative nutrition;
Nutritional anthropology;
Nutritional toxicology;
Nutritional microbiology;
Epidemiology;
Public health nutrition
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