C. B. Okebalama, Chukwunonso Odera Ibezim, V. U. Ugwu, B. Marschner
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引用次数: 3
摘要
在西非,bambara种子加工后的残留物非常丰富,但关于这种残留物是否适合改善土壤肥力的科学知识有限。在为期2年的黄瓜田间试验中,每年将0、10、20和30 t ha - 1的班巴拉种子渣(BSR)施用于Ultisol。与对照的25.70 g (= 0.05 t ha - 1)相比,30 t ha - 1的BSR投入产量最高,为256.80 g (= 0.46 t ha - 1)。BSR对pH值没有影响,但20和30 t ha−1的处理显著提高了土壤有机碳、全氮和全钾含量,第1年和第2年土壤宏观团聚体含量分别提高了153%和193%。3-14 d的基础土壤呼吸随着BSR输入量的增加而快速增加,随后14-42 d的CO2-C演化速率更持久,且35-42 d期间对照的速率显著高于BSR处理。BSR在30 t ha - 1时,微生物C提高了159%,微生物N提高了205%,β-葡萄糖苷酶和酪氨酸-氨基肽酶活性分别提高了7.5倍和3.0倍。然而,S-和许多c -环酶的活性降低限制了BSR作为作物生长营养源的适宜性。尽管如此,其改善土壤结构和有机C储存的潜力是有益的,30 t ha - 1 BSR处理的土壤C库足以提高N和K的有效性。
Effects of amending an Ultisol with bambara groundnut seed residue on soil fertility, microbial nutrient cycling and yield of cucumber
ABSTRACT Residue from processing bambara seeds is abundant in West Africa, but scientific knowledge on the suitability of this residue for improving soil fertility is limited. Bambara seed residue (BSR), at 0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha−1, was applied annually to an Ultisol in a two-year field experiment with cucumber. BSR input at 30 t ha−1 produced the highest yield of 256.80 g (= 0.46 t ha−1) compared with 25.70 g (= 0.05 t ha−1) in the control. While BSR had no effect on pH, the input at 20 and 30 t ha−1 significantly increased organic C, total N and K in the soil and increased macro-aggregation by 153% and 193% after the first and second year, respectively. Basal soil respiration at day 3–14 showed increased and rapid labile C utilisation with increased BSR input rates, followed by more persistent CO2-C evolution rates during days 14–42, and significantly higher rates in the control than in the BSR treatments during days 35–42. BSR at 30 t ha−1 increased microbial C by 159%, microbial N by 205% and improved activities of β-glucosidase and tyrosine-aminopeptidase 7.5- and 3.0-fold, respectively. However, reduced activities of S- and many C-cycle enzymes limited the suitability of BSR as a nutrient source for crop growth. Nonetheless, its potential to enhance soil structure and organic C storage in the Ultisol was beneficial and the C pool in soil treated with 30 t ha−1 BSR was sufficiently large to increase N and K availability.
期刊介绍:
Biological Agriculture & Horticulture aims to act as the central focus for a wide range of studies into alternative systems of husbandry, and particularly the biological or organic approach to food production. The Journal publishes work of a sound scientific or economic nature related to any aspect of biological husbandry in agriculture, horticulture and forestry in both temperate and tropical conditions, including energy and water utilization, and environmental impact.