Creation of integrated energy supply systems

A brief description of the State Electrification Plan of Russia (GOELRO plan), developed on the initiative of V.I. Lenin by the GOELRO commission headed by G.M. Krzhizhanovsky and adopted on December 22, 1920 by the 8th All-Russian Congress of Soviets, as well as key directions of a long-term plan for research on the problem of the creation of the Unified Power System of the Country (UPS), developed by the commission under the leadership of G.M. Krzhizhanovsky in 1957, which laid the foundation for the formation of the UPS - the largest in the world at the end of the 80s centrally managed interconnected power system, is presented. The indicators of development and efficiency of the country's electric power industry are given. The essential part of the reforms in the electric power industry of Russia carried out at the beginning of the 21st century, their shortcomings that led to a decrease in the efficiency of the industry and the emergence of various kinds of bottlenecks and imbalances are analyzed. The processes of transformation of energy systems in the world are considered, as a result of which a new architecture of energy systems is created. The primary tasks facing the Russian power industry in these conditions are formulated.