高中和大学学生运动员心理健康状况的普遍性:一项系统回顾

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1123/jcsp.2020-0066
James E. Kaishian, Regina M. Kaishian
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引用次数: 2

摘要

过度训练、运动规范和倦怠对身体的影响在文献中有很好的记录;然而,大学生运动员的心理健康状况需要更全面的调查。关于SA心理健康的文献在过去5年中越来越普遍。来自体育和学术的压力,以及临床心理健康治疗的耻辱,都可能对SA的心理产生重大影响。本综述探讨了高中和大学学生心理健康状况(MHCs)的患病率。这包括精神健康诊断的体征和症状,包括与物质和酒精有关的成瘾障碍及其风险因素。系统回顾了CINAHL、ERIC、SPORTDiscus、APA PsycINFO和康复与运动医学资源数据库。最初的搜索产生了855个结果。经过双重筛选,纳入了22项研究,所有研究都被认为是中等到高质量的。研究结果表明,从酗酒和重度抑郁症的危险因素来看,SAs中mhc的存在令人担忧。在黑人、土著、有色人种(BIPOC)和女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人、酷儿(LGBTQ)的sa中,心理健康问题的患病率很高。在大多数情况下,参加竞技体育(校队)并不会增加SAs的mhc。体育心理学家应该在体育部门的心理健康规划中发挥作用。体育部门应该制定积极的、有针对性的策略来解决SAs的mhc问题。
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The Prevalence of Mental Health Conditions Among High School and Collegiate Student-Athletes: A Systematic Review
The physical impacts of overtraining, sport specification, and burnout are well documented in the literature; however, the state of the student-athlete’s (SA’s) mental health is something that needs to be investigated more comprehensively. Literature on SA mental health has gained prevalence within the last 5 years. The combination of pressure from sport and academics, as well as the stigmatization of clinical mental health treatment, can have a significant effect on the SA’s psyche. This review explores the prevalence of mental health conditions (MHCs) in high school and collegiate SAs. This includes signs and symptoms of mental health diagnoses to include substance- and alcohol-related addictive disorders and risk factors of such. A systematic review of the CINAHL, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycINFO, and Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine resource databases was conducted. The initial search yielded 855 results. Following double screening, 22 studies were included, all of which were deemed medium to high quality. The findings indicate an alarming presence of MHCs ranging from risk factors of alcohol use and major depressive disorders among SAs. There was a high prevalence of mental health issues among SAs who are Black, Indigenous, people of color (BIPOC), and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer (LGBTQ). In most cases, participation in competitive athletics (varsity) did not contribute to additional MHCs for SAs. Sport psychologists should play a role in mental health programming within athletic departments. Athletic departments should develop proactive, targeted strategies to address MHCs for SAs.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
10.50%
发文量
35
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