Prospective Trends in Biotechnology for Biofuel

The development of clean alternative biofuel, including biohydrogen, is of great significant interest. One method for biohydrogen is dark and light fermentation when hydrogenases are responsible enzymes for H2 metabolism. A further development of biotechnology for H2 production can be directed in the following ways at least: construction or selection of appropriate effective bacterial strains (mutants) and cultures; creation of mixed cultures; application of different carbon sources (sugars, alcohols and organic acids) and their mixtures for co-fermentation as well as organic wastes (glycerol and lignocellulose waste); control of external technology factors (pH, redox potential, substrate concentration), addition of different compounds and their mixtures, especially some heavy metals (Ni, Fe, Mo, Mg, Cu, etc). Biohydrogen has of interest when was producing with bioethanol. It can also be applied for enhanced production of biomethane. Keywords—biotechnology for biofuel, hydrogen energy, biomethane, fermentation, bacteria