Examining Burnout in the US Military with a Focus on US Air Force: A Review of Literature

Through a systematic review of the literature, we draw attention to factors associated with burnout and the effects on the military with a special focus on the US Air Force. Our review consists of the military and human resource development (HRD) literature on burnout. We integrate insights from the review of both literature on burnout and develop a conceptual model based on four major themes. First, significant factors associated with burnout such as the occupational nature of work were identified. The second and third themes describe the effects of burnout on the individual (health and reduced professional efficacy) and organization (commitment, job performance, and increased turnover). Fourth, strategies for minimizing burnout suggest that leadership support is important for service members. Specifically, a climate of support through open communication, realistic resiliency training, and expanding opportunities for career growth are likely to mitigate burnout. We utilize military and HRD perspectives on burnout and present implications for theory and research, as well as recommendations, for improving practice in military settings.