入侵草本植物沙棘种子在土壤中的长期存活

IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Preslia Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI:10.23855/PRESLIA.2018.225
L. Moravcová, P. Pyšek, L. Krinke, J. Müllerová, Irena Perglová, J. Pergl
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引用次数: 10

摘要

种子在土壤中的持久性是一个重要的生态特性,使一个物种能够在一个特定的地点生存。种子持续的时间取决于其物理和生理特性以及生物和非生物环境条件。在外来物种中,发展持久种子库的能力与它们归化和入侵的能力有关。我们进行了一项实验,以了解欧洲最具侵略性的单一物种之一Heracleum mantegazzianum的种子能够在土壤中持续多长时间,并探索长期环境条件对种子枯竭的影响。这些种子被埋在捷克共和国不同地区的10个地方,以适应各种气候、地理和地理条件。埋藏7年后,平均各地点有0.1%的mantegazzianum种子存活,5个地点没有种子存活,其中一个地点的种子库在5年后完全耗尽,另一个地点的种子库在2年后已经耗尽。埋藏期结束时记录的最高存活率为种子的0.5%。一般来说,种子库的平均存活率在5年后非常低,从未超过1%。结果表明,种子库耗竭率与土壤总碳和有机碳含量呈极显著相关;其他土壤特征、气候和地理因素的影响不显著。低含碳量地区的种子在第一年后仍保持较高的百分比,但在高含碳量地区,7年后的百分比枯竭速度较慢。此外,在土壤养分贫乏的地方,第一年后的含碳量低,种子成活率高。mantegazzianum种子库枯竭的过程符合其短期持续性的分类。因此,建议在该物种从一个地点完全根除后,监测远远超过报告的种子库持久性。
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Long-term survival in soil of seed of the invasive herbaceous plant Heracleum mantegazzianum
Seed persistence in soil is an important ecological trait enabling a species to survive at a particular site. How long the seed persists depends on its physical and physiological characteristics as well as on biotic and abiotic environmental conditions. In alien species, the ability to develop a persistent seed bank is associated with their ability to naturalize and become invasive. We carried out an experiment to find out how long the seeds of Heracleum mantegazzianum, one of the most invasive monocarpic species in Europe, are able to persist in soil and explore the effect of environmental conditions on seed depletion over a long period of time. The seeds were buried at 10 localities in different regions of the Czech Republic to cover a range of climatic, edaphic and geographic conditions. After seven years of burial, 0.1% of the seed of H. mantegazzianum, averaged across the localities, were viable, and none survived at five localities, at one of which the seed bank was completely depleted after five years and at one already after two years. The highest recorded survival at the end of the burial period was 0.5% of seed. In general, the average seed-bank survival was very low after five years and never exceeded 1%. We found a significant correlation between the percentage seed bank depletion and the content of total carbon and organic carbon; the effects of other soil characteristics, climatic and geographical factors were not significant. High percentages of seed persisted after the first year at localities with a low carbon content but the percentage depletion after seven years was slower at localities with a high carbon content. In addition, low carbon content and high seed survival after the first year was recorded at localities with nutrient poor soils. The course of seed bank depletion in H. mantegazzianum corresponds to its classification as short-term persistent. Therefore, monitoring well beyond the reported period of seed bank persistence is recommended after full eradication of this species from a site.
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来源期刊
Preslia
Preslia 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
29.40%
发文量
8
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Preslia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing original research papers on plant systematics, morphology, phytogeography, ecology and vegetation science, with a geographical focus on central Europe. The journal was founded in 1914 and named in honour of brothers Jan Svatopluk Presl (1791–1849) and Karel Bořivoj Presl (1794–1852), outstanding Bohemian botanists. It is published quarterly by the Czech Botanical Society.
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