骨骼肌纤维外周:mtor相关合成代谢的联系

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Sports Medicine and Health Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.smhs.2022.11.004
Cassidy T. Tinline-Goodfellow , Matthew J. Lees , Nathan Hodson
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引用次数: 1

摘要

骨骼肌的合成代谢是由许多刺激因素驱动的,如生长因子、营养素(即氨基酸、葡萄糖)和机械应激。这些刺激通过雷帕霉素机制靶标(mTOR)复合物1(mTORC1)信号转导级联整合。近年来,我们实验室和其他地方的工作试图揭示肌肉蛋白合成(MPS)mTOR相关激活的分子机制,以及骨骼肌细胞内这些机制的空间调控。这些研究表明,骨骼肌纤维外周是合成代谢(即生长/MPS)的核心重要区域。事实上,纤维外围充满了促进MPS所需的底物、分子机械和平移装置。这篇综述总结了细胞、啮齿动物和人类研究中mTOR相关MPS激活的机制。它还概述了mTORC1对合成代谢刺激的空间调节,并概述了区分细胞外周作为骨骼肌诱导MPS的高度显著区域的因素。未来的研究应该寻求进一步探索营养诱导的骨骼肌纤维周围mTORC1的激活。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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The skeletal muscle fiber periphery: A nexus of mTOR-related anabolism

Skeletal muscle anabolism is driven by numerous stimuli such as growth factors, nutrients (i.e., amino acids, glucose), and mechanical stress. These stimuli are integrated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) signal transduction cascade. In recent years, work from our laboratory and elsewhere has sought to unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-related activation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS), as well as the spatial regulation of these mechanisms within the skeletal muscle cell. These studies have suggested that the skeletal muscle fiber periphery is a region of central importance in anabolism (i.e., growth/MPS). Indeed, the fiber periphery is replete with the substrates, molecular machinery, and translational apparatus necessary to facilitate MPS. This review provides a summary of the mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-associated activation of MPS from cell, rodent, and human studies. It also presents an overview of the spatial regulation of mTORC1 in response to anabolic stimuli and outlines the factors that distinguish the periphery of the cell as a highly notable region of skeletal muscle for the induction of MPS. Future research should seek to further explore the nutrient-induced activation of mTORC1 at the periphery of skeletal muscle fibers.

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来源期刊
Sports Medicine and Health Science
Sports Medicine and Health Science Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
55 days
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