Cytotoxic Effect of Chloroform Extract of Portulaca oleracea by Inducing Apoptosis and Suppressing Expression of Stemness Regulators in Human Glioblastoma Stem Cells

Q4 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI:10.22889/kjp.2023.54.3.102
Hong Lae Kim, Hye Jin Jung
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Abstract

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are a major cause of tumor initiation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence in glioblastoma. Therefore, eradicating GSCs is a powerful strategy for the effective treatment of glioblastoma. Portulaca oleracea, an edible leaf vegetable, has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases in Asia, Africa, and Europe. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic activity of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts of P. oleracea (EEPO, EAEPO, and CEPO) against U87MG- and U373MG-derived GSCs. The results showed that CEPO most potently inhibited the proliferation and tumorsphere formation in both GSCs. Furthermore, CEPO promoted apoptosis in U87MG- and U373MG-derived GSCs through induction of nuclear fragmentation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of reactive oxygen species, and caspase cascade activation. In addition, CEPO downregulated the expression of key cancer stemness regulators, including Sox-2, Oct-4, and STAT3 in both GSCs. CEPO also suppressed in vivo tumor growth of U87MG-derived GSCs in a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. Therefore, CEPO could be potentially used as a natural medicine for the prevention and treatment of glioblastoma by eliminating GSCs.
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马齿苋氯仿提取物诱导人胶质母细胞瘤干细胞凋亡和抑制干细胞调控因子表达的细胞毒作用
胶质母细胞瘤干细胞(GSCs)是胶质母细胞瘤发生、转移、化疗耐药和复发的主要原因。因此,根除GSCs是有效治疗胶质母细胞瘤的有力策略。马齿苋是一种可食用的叶类蔬菜,在亚洲、非洲和欧洲的传统医学中被用来治疗多种疾病。在这项研究中,我们评估了马马苋乙醇、乙酸乙酯和氯仿提取物(EEPO、EAEPO和CEPO)对U87MG和u373mg衍生的GSCs的细胞毒活性。结果表明,CEPO对两种GSCs的增殖和肿瘤球形成的抑制作用最强。此外,CEPO通过诱导核断裂、线粒体膜电位丧失、活性氧增加和caspase级联激活,促进了U87MG-和u373mg来源的GSCs的凋亡。此外,CEPO下调了两种gsc中关键的癌症干细胞调控因子的表达,包括Sox-2、Oct-4和STAT3。在鸡胚绒毛膜尿囊膜模型中,CEPO还抑制了u87mg来源的GSCs的体内肿瘤生长。因此,CEPO有可能作为一种天然药物,通过消除GSCs来预防和治疗胶质母细胞瘤。
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来源期刊
Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science
CiteScore
0.70
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0.00%
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0
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