Sociocultural aspects of spatial development

Viktor Shcherbyna
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Abstract

Spatial development is one of the factors in the formation of society, and the policy of conscious spatial development is the most important component of transitions to new technological and sociocultural ways of life. The article deals with the problem of theoretical understanding of spatial development, as well as the author’s concept of its study and approach to the formation of relevant policies. The author proposes distinguishing between “developed” societies, capable of purposefully shaping their own space, and “undeveloped” ones, capable only of adapting to spontaneous changes in their own space. In the political sense, the task of spatial development is to form, through a complex impact on society, stable systemic integral formations of joint life activity. The article highlights two strategies for spatial development — revolutionary and evolutionary. Along with them, the author proposes using the concept of the cultural diversity of society as a tool for analyzing sociocultural environments. According to the author’s approach, it is necessary to study the sociocultural environment in a particular territory as a unique composition of social practices, historically self-reproducing on the basis of typological cultural patterns — traditional, modern, and communicative. The author comes to the conclusion that spatial development strategies focused only on one cultural pattern lead to the fact that part of the population starts to perceive the policy of implementing spatial development programs as alien to them, and this creates additional tension in the processes of transformation of societies. Therefore, in the process of deploying spatial development projects, along with economic studies on the characteristics of social space, it is necessary to conduct studies of the cultural patterns that are inherent in the people who form it. The author believes that the harmonization of social practices that are formed on the basis of and within the framework of various cultural patterns is one of the tasks of the policy of spatial development and a factor in the sustainability of society. Therefore, cultural policy should imply comprehensive support for the development of all cultural patterns on the basis of a dialogue of cultures. Regulators from different modes of life provide social communication and exchange on the scale of familial, tribal, communal integrity, as well as on the scale of nation-state and global communities. Therefore, their support is necessary for the reproduction of society in present-day conditions.
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空间发展的社会文化方面
空间开发是社会形成的因素之一,有意识的空间开发政策是向新技术和社会文化生活方式过渡的最重要组成部分。本文论述了空间发展的理论认识问题,以及作者对空间发展研究的概念和相关政策形成的途径。作者建议区分“发达”社会和“不发达”社会,前者能够有目的地塑造自己的空间,后者只能适应自身空间的自发变化。在政治意义上,空间发展的任务是通过对社会的复杂影响,形成共同生活活动的稳定的系统整体形态。文章强调了空间发展的两种战略——革命战略和进化战略。与此同时,作者提出将社会文化多样性的概念作为分析社会文化环境的工具。根据作者的方法,有必要将特定地域的社会文化环境作为一种独特的社会实践组成来研究,并在传统、现代和交际的类型文化模式的基础上进行历史性的自我复制。作者得出的结论是,空间发展战略只关注一种文化模式,导致部分人口开始认为实施空间发展计划的政策与他们格格不入,这在社会转型过程中造成了额外的紧张。因此,在开展空间开发项目的过程中,在对社会空间特征进行经济学研究的同时,有必要对构成社会空间的人群所固有的文化模式进行研究。作者认为,在各种文化模式的基础上和框架内形成的社会实践的协调是空间发展政策的任务之一,也是社会可持续性的一个因素。因此,文化政策应意味着在文化对话的基础上全面支持所有文化形态的发展。来自不同生活模式的监管者在家庭、部落、社区完整性以及民族国家和全球社区的规模上提供社会沟通和交流。因此,他们的支持对于当今社会的再生产是必要的。
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