Ukrainian migrants on the Polish labor market

Abstract

The article attempts to analyze publications that were published in Polish Internet publications and were devoted to the topic of the presence of Ukrainian migrants (and from 24.02 - refugees) at the Polish labor market. A contextual comparison of the situation of Ukrainian citizens in Poland before and after the beginning of the Russian invasion was carried out, changes in the structure of their employment and prospects for further employment were identified. The list of social guarantees provided by the Polish government to ensure maximum adaptation of Ukrainian citizens in the social and labor environment is considered. The potential threats and fears arising in the Polish society in connection with the large-scale immigration of the Ukrainian population are indicated. The purpose of the article is to highlight the current situation of Ukrainian migrants on the Polish labor market and the main problems they face in the process of employment, as well as to study the transformation of employment practices, sociodemographic characteristics and forecasts in the field of employment. The conducted analysis shows that Ukrainian workers were and remain in demand on the Polish labor market, but some aspects of their employment (gender ratio) and, accordingly, the sphere of labor activity have changed. It is noted that the military actions, which are currently the main reason for the departure of Ukrainians (to a greater extent - Ukrainian women) abroad, were added to socio-economic motives, namely: a higher level of wages and quality of life in a neighboring country, more favorable employment conditions, geographical and cultural proximity. The author emphasizes that the results of the analyzed studies conducted at the time of writing the article, regarding the positions held by Ukrainian migrants, may change somewhat after the collection of statistical data by the Polish services responsible for the tax sector.