Efficient flame-retarded ethylene vinyl acetate composite containing microencapsulated expandable graphite and polyphosphoric acid

IF 6.3 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.110904

Xuefan Yang , Xiaochen Dong , Mengna Liu , Haoqi Xing , Jichun Liu , Haibo Chang , Tong Lin

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Abstract

The most conspicuous problem regarding fire retardation of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer is that the flame-retardant efficiency of traditional fire retardants is very low. How to achieve high-efficient flame retardation has long been a big challenge. Herein, polyurea-modified microencapsulated expandable graphite (MEG) was synthesized through in-situ polymerization, and it was found that the proper combination of MEG and polyphosphoric acid (PPA) exhibits an unexpectedly high flame-retardant efficiency to EVA. The incorporation of just 5 wt% MEG/PPA enables EVA to achieve V-0 rating in UL-94 flammability test, increases its limiting oxygen index from 19.3 % to 25.7 %, and reduces its peak heat release rate by 72 % during combustion. The EVA/MEG/PPA composite, containing 5 wt% MEG/PPA, not only demonstrates improved fire retardancy, smoke suppression, and processability compared to virgin EVA, but also maintains good electrical insulation, water resistance, and mechanical properties. The high fire-retardant efficiency is ascribed to the larger expansion volume of MEG and the formation of high-quality intumescent char, which shield the polymer from burning. This work renders a simple and cheap approach for development of high-efficient flame-retarded EVA with good processability and mechanical property simultaneously.

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含有微胶囊可膨胀石墨和聚磷酸的高效阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯复合材料

乙烯-醋酸乙烯（EVA）共聚物阻燃方面最突出的问题是传统阻燃剂的阻燃效率非常低。如何实现高效阻燃一直是一个巨大的挑战。本文通过原位聚合合成了聚脲改性微胶囊可膨胀石墨（MEG），并发现 MEG 和聚磷酸（PPA）的适当组合对 EVA 具有意想不到的高阻燃效率。仅加入 5 wt% 的 MEG/PPA 就能使 EVA 在 UL-94 易燃性测试中达到 V-0 级，其极限氧指数从 19.3% 提高到 25.7%，燃烧时的峰值热释放率降低了 72%。与原生 EVA 相比，含有 5 wt% MEG/PPA 的 EVA/MEG/PPA 复合材料不仅在阻燃性、抑烟性和加工性方面得到了改善，而且还保持了良好的电绝缘性、耐水性和机械性能。高阻燃效率归功于 MEG 较大的膨胀体积和优质膨胀炭的形成，从而保护聚合物免于燃烧。这项研究为开发同时具有良好加工性能和机械性能的高效阻燃 EVA 提供了一种简单而廉价的方法。

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来源期刊

Polymer Degradation and Stability 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

10.20%

发文量

325

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology. Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal. However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.