Greening of a boreal rich fen driven by CO2 fertilisation

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110261
Sandeep Thayamkottu, T. Luke Smallman, Jaan Pärn, Ülo Mander, Eugénie S Euskirchen, Evan S Kane
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Abstract

Boreal peatlands store vast amounts of soil organic carbon (C) owing to the imbalance between productivity and decay rates. In the recent decades, this carbon stock has been exposed to a warming climate. During the past decade alone, the Arctic has warmed by ∼ 0.75°C which is almost twice the rate of the global average. Although, a wide range of studies have assessed peatlands’ C cycling, our understanding of the factors governing source / sink dynamics of peatland C stock under a warming climate remains a critical uncertainty at site, regional, and global scales. Here our focus was on answering two key questions: (1) What drives the interannual variability of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes at the Bonanza Creek rich fen in Alaska, and (2) What are the internal carbon allocation patterns during the study years? We addressed these knowledge-gaps using an intermediate complexity terrestrial ecosystem model calibrated by a Bayesian model-data fusion framework at a weekly timestep with publicly available eddy covariance, satellite-based earth observation, and in-situ datasets for 2014 to 2020. We found that the greening trend (a relative increase of leaf area index ∼0.12 m2 m-2 by 2020) in the fen ecosystem is forced by a CO2 fertilisation effect which in combination resulted in increased gross primary production (GPP). Relative to 2014, GPP increased by ∼75 gC m-2 year-1 (by 2020; 95% confidence interval (CI): -41.35 gC m-2 year-1 to 213.55 gC m-2 year-1) while heterotrophic respiration stayed constant. Consistent with the observed greening, our analysis indicates that the ecosystem allocated more C to foliage (∼50%) over the structural (A carbon pool consisting of branches, stems and coarse roots; ∼30%) and fine root C pools (∼20%).
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二氧化碳施肥驱动的北方富沼泽绿化
由于生产力和腐烂率之间的不平衡,北方泥炭地储存了大量的土壤有机碳(C)。近几十年来,这种碳储量受到气候变暖的影响。仅在过去十年中,北极地区的气温就升高了 0.75°C,几乎是全球平均气温升高速度的两倍。尽管已有大量研究对泥炭地的碳循环进行了评估,但我们对气候变暖条件下泥炭地碳储量的源/汇动态因素的了解,在地点、区域和全球尺度上仍然是一个关键的不确定因素。在这里,我们的重点是回答两个关键问题:(1)阿拉斯加博南扎溪富集沼泽地二氧化碳(CO2)通量年际变化的驱动因素是什么;(2)研究期间的内部碳分配模式是什么?针对这些知识空白,我们使用了一个中等复杂程度的陆地生态系统模型,该模型通过贝叶斯模型-数据融合框架进行校准,时间步长为一周,并使用了 2014 年至 2020 年公开可用的涡度协方差、卫星地球观测和现场数据集。我们发现,沼泽生态系统的绿化趋势(到 2020 年,叶面积指数相对增加 0.12 ∼ 0.12 m2 m-2)是由二氧化碳施肥效应所驱动的,而二氧化碳施肥效应又导致了总初级生产力(GPP)的增加。与 2014 年相比,GPP 增加了 ∼75 gC m-2 year-1(到 2020 年;95% 置信区间 (CI):-41.35 gC m-2 year-1 至 213.55 gC m-2 year-1),而异养生物呼吸作用保持不变。与观测到的绿化一致,我们的分析表明,生态系统将更多的碳分配给了叶片(∼50%),而不是结构碳库(由枝、茎和粗根组成的碳库;∼30%)和细根碳库(∼20%)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
9.70%
发文量
415
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology is an international journal for the publication of original articles and reviews on the inter-relationship between meteorology, agriculture, forestry, and natural ecosystems. Emphasis is on basic and applied scientific research relevant to practical problems in the field of plant and soil sciences, ecology and biogeochemistry as affected by weather as well as climate variability and change. Theoretical models should be tested against experimental data. Articles must appeal to an international audience. Special issues devoted to single topics are also published. Typical topics include canopy micrometeorology (e.g. canopy radiation transfer, turbulence near the ground, evapotranspiration, energy balance, fluxes of trace gases), micrometeorological instrumentation (e.g., sensors for trace gases, flux measurement instruments, radiation measurement techniques), aerobiology (e.g. the dispersion of pollen, spores, insects and pesticides), biometeorology (e.g. the effect of weather and climate on plant distribution, crop yield, water-use efficiency, and plant phenology), forest-fire/weather interactions, and feedbacks from vegetation to weather and the climate system.
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