Efficient Removal of PFASs Using Photocatalysis, Membrane Separation and Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors.

IF 3.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Membranes Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI:10.3390/membranes14100217
Nonhle Siphelele Neliswa Mabaso, Charmaine Sesethu Tshangana, Adolph Anga Muleja
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Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent compounds characterized by stable C-F bonds giving them high thermal and chemical stability. Numerous studies have highlighted the presence of PFASs in the environment, surface waters and animals and humans. Exposure to these chemicals has been found to cause various health effects and has necessitated the need to develop methods to remove them from the environment. To date, the use of photocatalytic degradation and membrane separation to remove PFASs from water has been widely studied; however, these methods have drawbacks hindering them from being applied at full scale, including the recovery of the photocatalyst, uneven light distribution and membrane fouling. Therefore, to overcome some of these challenges, there has been research involving the coupling of photocatalysis and membrane separation to form photocatalytic membrane reactors which facilitate in the recovery of the photocatalyst, ensuring even light distribution and mitigating fouling. This review not only highlights recent advancements in the removal of PFASs using photocatalysis and membrane separation but also provides comprehensive information on the integration of photocatalysis and membrane separation to form photocatalytic membrane reactors. It emphasizes the performance of immobilized and slurry systems in PFAS removal while also addressing the associated challenges and offering recommendations for improvement. Factors influencing the performance of these methods will be comprehensively discussed, as well as the nanomaterials used for each technology. Additionally, knowledge gaps regarding the removal of PFASs using integrated photocatalytic membrane systems will be addressed, along with a comprehensive discussion on how these technologies can be applied in real-world applications.

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利用光催化、膜分离和光催化膜反应器高效去除全氟辛烷磺酸。
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)是一种持久性化合物,其特点是稳定的 C-F 键使其具有很高的热稳定性和化学稳定性。大量研究表明,全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质存在于环境、地表水、动物和人类体内。研究发现,暴露于这些化学物质会对健康造成各种影响,因此有必要开发从环境中去除这些物质的方法。迄今为止,利用光催化降解和膜分离去除水中的全氟辛烷磺酸的方法已得到广泛研究;然而,这些方法都存在一些缺点,包括光催化剂的回收、光分布不均和膜堵塞等,阻碍了它们的全面应用。因此,为了克服其中的一些挑战,研究人员将光催化与膜分离结合起来,形成光催化膜反应器,以促进光催化剂的回收,确保光分布均匀并减少污垢。本综述不仅重点介绍了利用光催化和膜分离技术去除全氟辛烷磺酸的最新进展,还全面介绍了如何将光催化和膜分离技术相结合,形成光催化膜反应器。报告强调了固定化系统和浆料系统在去除全氟辛烷磺酸方面的性能,同时也探讨了相关的挑战,并提出了改进建议。将全面讨论影响这些方法性能的因素,以及每种技术所使用的纳米材料。此外,还将探讨使用集成光催化膜系统去除 PFAS 方面的知识差距,并全面讨论如何将这些技术应用于现实世界。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Membranes
Membranes Chemical Engineering-Filtration and Separation
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1071
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of separation science and technology. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.
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