Leveraging Organ-on-Chip Models to Investigate Host-Microbiota Dynamics and Targeted Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

IF 10 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Advanced Healthcare Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI:10.1002/adhm.202402756
Tim Kaden, Raquel Alonso-Román, Johannes Stallhofer, Mark S Gresnigt, Bernhard Hube, Alexander S Mosig
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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic gastrointestinal disease with drastically increasing incidence rates. Due to its multifactorial etiology, a precise investigation of the pathogenesis is extremely difficult. Although reductionist cell culture models and more complex disease models in animals have clarified the understanding of individual disease mechanisms and contributing factors of IBD in the past, it remains challenging to bridge research and clinical practice. Conventional 2D cell culture models cannot replicate complex host-microbiota interactions and stable long-term microbial culture. Further, extrapolating data from animal models to patients remains challenging due to genetic and environmental diversity leading to differences in immune responses. Human intestine organ-on-chip (OoC) models have emerged as an alternative in vitro model approach to investigate IBD. OoC models not only recapitulate the human intestinal microenvironment more accurately than 2D cultures yet may also be advantageous for the identification of important disease-driving factors and pharmacological interventions targets due to the possibility of emulating different complexities. The predispositions and biological hallmarks of IBD focusing on host-microbiota interactions at the intestinal mucosal barrier are elucidated here. Additionally, the potential of OoCs to explore microbiota-related therapies and personalized medicine for IBD treatment is discussed.

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利用芯片上的器官模型研究炎症性肠病的宿主-微生物群动态和靶向疗法。
炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种发病率急剧上升的特发性胃肠道疾病。由于其病因是多因素的,因此对其发病机制进行精确研究极为困难。尽管还原论细胞培养模型和更复杂的动物疾病模型在过去已经澄清了对 IBD 个别疾病机制和致病因素的认识,但要在研究和临床实践之间架起一座桥梁仍然充满挑战。传统的二维细胞培养模型无法复制复杂的宿主-微生物群相互作用和长期稳定的微生物培养。此外,由于基因和环境的多样性会导致免疫反应的差异,因此将动物模型的数据外推到患者身上仍具有挑战性。人类肠道芯片器官(OoC)模型已成为研究 IBD 的另一种体外模型方法。与二维培养物相比,OoC 模型不仅能更准确地再现人体肠道微环境,而且还能模拟不同的复杂性,因此在鉴定重要疾病驱动因素和药物干预靶点方面具有优势。本文重点阐述了肠黏膜屏障上宿主与微生物群之间的相互作用,从而阐明了 IBD 的发病倾向和生物学特征。此外,还讨论了 OoCs 在探索 IBD 治疗的微生物群相关疗法和个性化医疗方面的潜力。
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来源期刊
Advanced Healthcare Materials
Advanced Healthcare Materials 工程技术-生物材料
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
3.00%
发文量
600
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Advanced Healthcare Materials, a distinguished member of the esteemed Advanced portfolio, has been dedicated to disseminating cutting-edge research on materials, devices, and technologies for enhancing human well-being for over ten years. As a comprehensive journal, it encompasses a wide range of disciplines such as biomaterials, biointerfaces, nanomedicine and nanotechnology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
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