High-performance room-temperature formic acid vapor sensors based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polypyrrole composites

IF 4.1 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Talanta Open Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1016/j.talo.2025.100419

Rapiphun Janmanee , Wasu Phanphaisarn , Saengrawee Sriwichai , Anurat Wisitsoraat , Chaikarn Liewhiran

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Abstract

In this research, functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polypyrrole (fMWCNTs/PPy) composites were synthesized by in-situ oxidative polymerization approach to fabricate sensing films for room-temperature formic acid (HCOOH) detection. The material properties were characterized by X-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption analysis. The study results confirmed the formation of well-defined multiwalled nanotubes embedded on PPy nanoparticulate matrix with varying MWCNTs loading levels. From gas-sensing measurement results, the addition of 1 %wt fMWCNTs during PPy polymerization greatly enhanced the sensor response from 2.6 to ∼900 towards 1 vol% HCOOH with excellent selectivity against H₂, CO₂, CH₄, C₂H₅OH, CH₃OH, and C₃H₆O at 25 °C. The dispersion of functionalized MWCNTs-PPy heterointerfaces could play an important role in the significant improvement of gas-sensing properties. Therefore, the functionalized MWCNTs-embedded PPy-based sensor would be an attractive choice for formic acid detection at room temperature and useful in medical and environmental applications.

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