[Study on effectiveness of multicomponent exercise interventions for healthy aging].

Q1 Medicine 中华流行病学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240813-00500

Y Wang, Y J Qiu, Y Shang, X W Xu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of multicomponent exercise (ME) in old adults, and provide reference for the promotion of healthy aging. Methods: Literature on ME intervention for old adults published until February 29, 2024 were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database. After screening and evaluation, an umbrella review was conducted. Results: In total, 15 systematic reviews and Meta-analyzes (193 randomized controlled trials and 19 203 participants) were included. The umbrella review suggested that the average standardized mean difference (SMD) affecting physical function/health of ME was between 0.40 and 1.00, the average SMD affecting brain health was between -0.30 and 1.60, the average SMD affecting mood/mental health was between 0.01 and 0.20, and the average SMD affecting quality of life was between -0.20 and 0.40. Effects of ME on lower limb strength [mean difference (MD)=1.1] and aerobic capacity (MD=0.8) were better compared with general strength exercise and aerobic exercise respectively. Effects of ME on cognitive function (MD=0.99) were better compared with strength exercise (MD=0.84), aerobic exercise (MD=0.77), and mind-body exercise (MD=0.63). Effects of ME on executive function (MD=0.72) were better compared with aerobic exercise (MD=0.62), strength exercise (MD=0.44), and mind-body exercise (MD=0.36). Effects of ME on activity of daily living (SMD=0.32) were better compared with strength exercise (SMD=0.12). Conclusions: ME can clearly improve the physical function/health and brain health in old adults. The impact varies with different participants, exercise program designs, and assessment methods. However, its effect on mood/mental health and the quality of life still need further verification. ME might show better effects compared with general single component exercise (such as strength exercise, aerobic exercise) and mind-body exercise in improving lower limb strength, aerobic capacity, cognitive function, executive function, and activity of daily living in specific elderly populations. Given the impact of the quantity, quality and heterogeneity of the reviews included, the conclusions mentioned above still need validation in practice.

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[多成分运动干预对健康老龄化的有效性研究]。

目的：分析老年人多组分运动（ME）的有效性，为促进老年人健康老龄化提供参考。方法：检索Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、Embase、EBSCO、Cochrane Library、CNKI、万方数据、VIP数据库，检索截止2024年2月29日发表的有关老年人ME干预的文献。经过筛选和评价，进行了总括性审查。结果：共纳入15项系统评价和meta分析（193项随机对照试验，19203名受试者）。总体评价表明，影响ME身体功能/健康的平均标准化平均差值（SMD）在0.40 ~ 1.00之间，影响脑健康的平均标准化平均差值（SMD）在-0.30 ~ 1.60之间，影响情绪/心理健康的平均标准化平均差值（SMD）在0.01 ~ 0.20之间，影响生活质量的平均标准化平均差值（SMD）在-0.20 ~ 0.40之间。与一般力量运动和有氧运动相比，ME对下肢力量[mean difference (MD)=1.1]和有氧能力（MD=0.8）的影响更好。ME对认知功能的影响（MD=0.99）优于力量运动（MD=0.84）、有氧运动（MD=0.77）和身心运动（MD=0.63）。与有氧运动（MD=0.62）、力量运动（MD=0.44）和身心运动（MD=0.36）相比，ME对执行功能的影响（MD=0.72）更好。与力量运动（SMD=0.12）相比，ME对日常生活活动（SMD=0.32）的影响更好。结论：ME能明显改善老年人身体机能健康和脑健康。影响因不同的参与者、锻炼计划设计和评估方法而异。然而，它对情绪/心理健康和生活质量的影响还需要进一步验证。在改善特定老年人群下肢力量、有氧能力、认知功能、执行功能和日常生活活动能力方面，ME可能比一般单组分运动（如力量运动、有氧运动）和身心运动效果更好。考虑到纳入综述的数量、质量和异质性的影响，上述结论仍需在实践中得到验证。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

中华流行病学杂志 Medicine-Medicine (all)

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

8981

期刊介绍： Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, established in 1981, is an advanced academic periodical in epidemiology and related disciplines in China, which, according to the principle of integrating theory with practice, mainly reports the major progress in epidemiological research. The columns of the journal include commentary, expert forum, original article, field investigation, disease surveillance, laboratory research, clinical epidemiology, basic theory or method and review, etc. The journal is included by more than ten major biomedical databases and index systems worldwide, such as been indexed in Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central (PMC), Europe PubMed Central, Embase, Chemical Abstract, Chinese Science and Technology Paper and Citation Database (CSTPCD), Chinese core journal essentials overview, Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD) core database, Chinese Biological Medical Disc (CBMdisc), and Chinese Medical Citation Index (CMCI), etc. It is one of the core academic journals and carefully selected core journals in preventive and basic medicine in China.