Households and communities: evolution in Homo sapiens

IF 1 3区 历史学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES History of the Family Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI:10.1080/1081602x.2023.2239780
P. Manning
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Abstract

Recent developments in the theory of social evolution advance arguments that the overall pattern of human evolution can be seen as resulting from three mechanisms—biological, cultural, and social—which arose sequentially. This evolutionary framework is applied in an overview of the intimate group and the community, biologically based structures of residence and group defense, respectively, within primate species. For Homo sapiens, the intimate group took the form of a household led by a pairbonded couple. The opening section provides a narrative of the intimate groups and community groups within hominin species that preceded Homo sapiens. The second section summarizes basic models for each of the three evolutionary regimes, in terms of Darwinian variation, reproduction, and selection. Each regime explores species through the behavior of individuals as well as types of group behavior. In the third section, theories and narrative are combined to propose causal steps in historical transformation, leading to the human household. The last two parts explore the changing roles of households in the era of agriculture and the long-term transfer of laborers from the household to the community sector, a process gradually expanding the productivity of each sector.
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家庭与社区:智人的进化
社会进化论的最新发展提出了这样的论点,即人类进化的总体模式可以被视为由三种机制产生的——生物、文化和社会——这三种机制依次产生。这一进化框架适用于灵长类物种内亲密群体和群落的概述,分别是基于生物学的居住结构和群体防御结构。对于智人来说,亲密群体的形式是由一对结对夫妇领导的家庭。开头部分叙述了智人之前的人类物种中的亲密群体和社区群体。第二节从达尔文变异、繁殖和选择的角度总结了三种进化机制的基本模型。每个制度都通过个体的行为以及群体行为的类型来探索物种。第三部分,将理论与叙事相结合,提出历史转型的因果步骤,引导人类走向家庭。最后两部分探讨了农业时代家庭角色的变化,以及劳动力从家庭向社区部门的长期转移,这是一个逐步扩大每个部门生产力的过程。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: The History of the Family: An International Quarterly makes a significant contribution by publishing works reflecting new developments in scholarship and by charting new directions in the historical study of the family. Further emphasizing the international developments in historical research on the family, the Quarterly encourages articles on comparative research across various cultures and societies in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Pacific Rim, in addition to Europe, the United States and Canada, as well as work in the context of global history.
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