SUBJECTIVITY OF THE KAZAKH NOMADIC CULTURE IN THE 1960S POETRY OF OLZHAS SULEIMENOV

Abstract

The article is devoted to the reflection in the historiosophical works of the Kazakh poet of the sixties Olzhas Suleimenov the key plots for the formation of historical memory in the Kazakh society in the 20th century: the loss of the nomadic way of life, the museumified play of symbols of nomadic existence from the point of its no return (urban chronotope of sedentarized nomadic culture), perception the historical memory of the Kazakh society of cultural heritage of the urban culture of Central Asia, dialogized with world culture within the framework of the autochthonism concept. The studied literary and historiosophical material makes it possible to comprehend the problem of the correlation of the nomadic and the settled in the historical memory of Kazakhstan society and the presence of the cultural trauma of “being ahistorical”, overcame in the second half of the 20th century. The factors that shaped this cultural trauma include: 1) interruption of nomadic culture as a result of forced collectivization and the transfer of nomads to settled life in the 1920s–1930s; 2) historiographic tradition of describing nomadic culture as regressive and its perception by the Kazakh national intelligentsia in the 1960s–1970s through the dominant historical narrative. The way to overcome this trauma was dialogic assimilation of the cultural heritage of the medieval urban culture of Central Asia, the active archaeological research of which begins in these years in the Kazakh SSR, and inscription of the reformatted historical subjectivity in the history of civilization.