Composite Flour Formulated from Roasted Cereal and Leguminous: Effects on Well-being of Young Rats

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consumption of composite flour formulated from roasted maize (Zea corn), roasted soybean (Glycine max) and roasted groundnut (Peanuts hypogaea) on biochemical and hematological constants and histopathological effect on regulatory organs (kidney, liver and spleen) of strain Wistar rats aged to 50 ±3 days. To do this, ten (10) young rats’ males were fed with composite flour and control diet for a period of 15 days at the end of which their blood was collected for studying of biochemical and hematological constants. The kidneys, liver and spleen were also sampled for histopathological study. The results obtained show that contents of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride are respectively 0.31 ± 0.09; 2.75 ± 0.50; 0.21 ± 0.10; 0.92 ± 0.12 and 0.57± 0.21 at the level of blood biochemical constants for rats fed with composite flour. For hematological parameters of young rats fed with composite flour, the contents are respectively 8.58 ±1.10; 6.41 ±1.51; 13.92 ±1.03; 784.0 ±164.96; 0.84 ±0.31 and 2.18 ±2.36 for white globule, red globule, hemoglobin, blood platelets, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Histopathological study revealed that no abnormalities were observed in the organs studied. In addition, the absence of significant differences in biochemical and hematological parameters in rats fed with control diet and composite flour suggest that the consumption of the composite flour does not had a negative impact on well-being of young rats. In summary, it appears from this study that the consumption of composite flour did not induce changes in the various biochemical and hematological constants and in the target organs of the metabolism studied. It would therefore be interesting to valorize this composite flour in human food in developing countries.