过度拥挤的生态:通过非人为因素设计价值

E. Cianfanelli, Maria Claudia Coppola, M. Tufarelli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着人工智能被孜孜不倦地训练,并不断学习特定环境中的主体和客体,全新的生态系统正在兴起和发展,在那里,生物和事物同样纠缠在边界、联系和关系中,能够随时制定自己的代理。事实上,由于日常生活越来越多地成为与物联网范式相关的智能物体的家园,在不同的创新规模(私人、社会、城市系统),由此产生的过度拥挤的生态似乎要求通过设计方法来解决,不仅关注在有限使用阶段理解的人工制品,而且只关注与人类代理相关的被动工具。自动驾驶汽车、机器人、传感表面、记录设备正在越来越多地涌入社会,推动社会领域走向超越人类的未来。从这个意义上说,由此产生的计算环境产生了一种超越人类的体验,所有的聚类、分类和模式信息几乎都是瞬间发生的,通常不需要感知主体。这导致了信息体验和使用方式的重大变化:通过观察技术人性化和人类被技术化的方式来检查人类和技术的连锁本质,似乎智能物体正在获得复杂的特征,如深思熟虑、反思、经验和交流,使它们能够产生反思知识,即人类可以用来思考具有新见解的现象的知识,以及可操作的知识,即非人类行为者可以用来做事和实现目标的知识。因此,人类知识和数据驱动的知识促进了特定的价值观,影响了集体生活,在过度拥挤的生态中发起了双重挑战:一方面,设计师可能会解决事物因素,从而通过超越人类的价值观来感知和理解世界;从另一方面来看,设计师可能会通过共同的价值观来构建意义。由于存在和事物都在学习和行动,世界充满了扩展的代理,在这里,不值得区分人类是通过物体扩展自己的代理,还是反之亦然。根据“混合”行为主义的发展和对设计文化的新见解,该贡献旨在研究超通信时代的人类因素和价值观,当代景观显得如此异类,拥抱多样性和它所带来的根本相互依存意味着把握设计受益者的多样化需求,无论是人还是物。合成的和有机的代理,自然的和机械的代理:很有可能设计师不仅会与它们一起设计,而且还会为它们设计:事实上,自然和计算实体的网络不仅可以被认为是给定的对象——无论它们是使能者还是残疾者——而且可以被认为是参与设计空间的代理,触发相应的设计方法、框架和实践的发展,以更好地应对当今地球所面临的挑战。因此,在过度拥挤的生态环境中进行设计成为一件值得关注的事情,并激励设计师塑造超越人类的社区,扩大他们的学科实践领域,作为社会管理的一种锻炼。
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Overcrowded Ecologies: Designing Value through More-than-Human Factors
With artificial intelligence being tirelessly trained and constantly learning about subjects and objects inhabiting given environments, whole new ecosystems have been rising and developing, where beings and things are equally entangled in boundaries, connections and relationships, capable of enacting their own agencies at any time.In fact, since everyday life becomes more and more home to smart objects related to the Internet of Things paradigm at different scales of innovation - private, social, urban systems -, the resulting overcrowded ecologies seem to ask to be tackled through design approaches focusing not only on artifacts understood at a limited stage of use and as passive tools related to human agency only. Autonomous vehicles, robots, sensing surfaces, recording devices are populating society in increasing numbers, pushing the social sphere towards its more-than-human futures. In this sense, the resulting computational environment produces a more-than-human experience, with all its clustering, classifying and patterning information happening almost instantaneously and often without the need of a perceiving subject. This leads to a significant change in the way information is experienced and used: examining the interlocking nature of humans and technology by looking at the way technology is humanised, and humans are technologised, it seems that smart objects are gaining complex features like being deliberative, reflectional, experiential and communicative, allowing them to produce both reflectional knowledge, - namely knowledge which humans can use to think about phenomena with new insights - and actionable knowledge - namely knowledge which non-human actants can use to do things and achieve goals. Thus, human knowledge and data-driven knowledge promote specific values, influencing collective life, launching a twofold challenge in overcrowded ecologies: from one side, designers might address thing factors so that they could sense and understand the world through more-than-human values; from the other side designers might address being factors to build meaning through shared values.As both beings and things learn and act, the world is full of extended agencies, where it is not worth distinguishing whether humans extend their own agency through objects or vice versa. According to the “hybrid” behaviorism making its way and leading to new insights for design culture, the contribution aims at investigating more-than-human factors and values in times of hyper-communication, where contemporary landscapes appear so heterogeneously populated, that embracing diversity and the radical interdependence it entails means grasping the diverse needs of design beneficiaries, be they beings or things. Synthetic and organic agency, natural and machinical ones: it is very likely that designers will not only design with them, but also for them: networks of natural and computational entities can in fact be thought of not only given objects - wheter they be enabler or disabler - but agents participating in the design space, triggering the development of corresponding design methods, frameworks, and practices to better address the challenges to be faced today as a planet. Thus, designing in overcrowded ecologies becomes a matter of care and inspires designers into shaping more-than-human communities, expanding their disciplinary areas of practice as an exercise of stewardship within society.
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Slipper Palace. Creative Entrepreneurship for the Common Good [de]Territorialization, the Role of our Brain in a Technological World. Biomateriality Bridging Design and the Community Overcrowded Ecologies: Designing Value through More-than-Human Factors Cohort Study Good Practices: Design Communication and Capacitation Processes
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