系统思维,一种管理采矿环境变化的建模工具

S. Uludağ, L. Pretorius
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在复杂的采矿环境中,子过程是相互联系和依赖的。在挖掘的每一步中,一个人的行为都会对下一个过程产生重大影响。本文的目的是回顾当前的采矿环境,并证明是否有可能模拟一个大型露天矿山,以确定新技术或工艺变化的影响。本文将讨论模拟当前和未来条件所采取的方法。在本研究中,选择了一个露天矿山,其中铁矿石是唯一的商品。这项广泛研究的最初目的是证明大型矿山钻机自动化的必要性,并通过模拟技术确定价值创造。本文将介绍开发的概念模型,以证明在钻井过程中需要自动化。为实现这一目标而选择的工具是一个名为VENSIM的系统动力学工具。讨论了创建模型的过程和系统动力学背后的逻辑。在这种建模尝试中,概念模型提出了重要的重点领域。每个挖掘过程都可以用库存图和流程图表示。每个级别之间的连接用于定义系统的行为。系统将以三种类型的行为作出反应;反应,回应和行动。反应是充分的,而反应不充分时,反应是必要的。当这也失败时,需要进行更改,这称为操作。所有这些反应都有一个目标,即维持状态、寻求目标和有目的的系统。状态维护系统通常对更改作出反应以维护状态。目标寻求系统是指在达到目标之前,对一系列事件做出不同反应的系统。一个有目的的系统可以在相同或不同的环境中产生结果[5]。
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Systems thinking, a modelling tool for managing change in a mining environment
In a complex mining environment sub processes are interlinked and dependent on each other. At each step of mining the actions of one heavily impact on the next process. The objective of this paper is to review the current mining environment and demonstrate whether it is possible to simulate a big surface mine in order to determine the impact of new technology or change of processes. The paper will discuss the approach taken to simulate the current and the future conditions. For this study, an openpit mine has been selected where iron ore is the only commodity. The initial aim of the broader study was to justify the need for drill rig automation in big mines and determine the value creation by means of simulation techniques. This paper will present the conceptual model developed to justify the need for automation specifically in the drilling process. The tool selected to achieve the objective is a System Dynamics tool called VENSIM. The process of creating the model and the logic behind the system dynamics is discussed. The conceptual model is presented with important focus areas in such a modelling attempt. Each mining process can be represented with stock and flow diagrams. The connections between each level is used to define the behavior of the system. A system will respond with three types of behavior; reaction, response and action. While reaction is sufficient, response is necessary when reaction is not sufficient. When this fails too, a change is required which is called an action. All these responses have a goal towards state-maintaining, goal-seeking and purposeful systems. State-maintaining systems often react to changes to maintain the state. A goal-seeking system is the one responds differently to a sequence of events until it reaches its purpose. A purposeful system can produce results in the same as well as different environments [5].
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