Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488435
Stephen E. Gillespie, Alex D. MacCalman
Ahstract- This paper presents a case study in implementing an integrated data and model management system in the development of a complex system. Joint Acquisition Task Force (JATF) Tactical Light Operator Suit (TALOS), a subordinate organization of U.S. Special Operations Command, is attempting to build a powered exoskeleton to support dismounted special operators. The project is, at its core, a research and development project, but it is challenged by the fact that it is also a Department of Defense acquisition project that must balance the requirements of cost, schedule, and performance. To balance these competing needs, the team has developed an integrated approach to sharing information among the models necessary to support cost, schedule, and performance analysis. Notably, the team makes significant use of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) to support information integration. This paper presents the challenges associated with developing TALOS, its approach to information management, and ongoing findings on how this approach has improved its performance.
{"title":"A Case Study in Developing an Integrated Data and Model Management System for the Development of a Complex Engineered System","authors":"Stephen E. Gillespie, Alex D. MacCalman","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488435","url":null,"abstract":"Ahstract- This paper presents a case study in implementing an integrated data and model management system in the development of a complex system. Joint Acquisition Task Force (JATF) Tactical Light Operator Suit (TALOS), a subordinate organization of U.S. Special Operations Command, is attempting to build a powered exoskeleton to support dismounted special operators. The project is, at its core, a research and development project, but it is challenged by the fact that it is also a Department of Defense acquisition project that must balance the requirements of cost, schedule, and performance. To balance these competing needs, the team has developed an integrated approach to sharing information among the models necessary to support cost, schedule, and performance analysis. Notably, the team makes significant use of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) to support information integration. This paper presents the challenges associated with developing TALOS, its approach to information management, and ongoing findings on how this approach has improved its performance.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117131932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488441
Eduardo Ahumada-Tello, Rafael Ravina-Ripoll, Araceli Callano-Coronil, R. Evans
Studies on corporate happiness have emerged as a new approach to management and productivity. The theory around this leadership focus could change the way firms arrange their own business objectives and goals. In this paper, happiness, as a construct, is analyzed from an economical and entrepreneurial perspective. The goal is to determine if happiness influences productivity and work environments in technology-based firms (TBF) in Andalucia, Spain. A survey, completed by 41 employees, was elaborated on and applied to a group of employees in TBF, based in Sevilla. The results confirm that a happier environment is present in TBF than in non-technological firms. This is due to the strategies applied in TBF to improve happiness and wellness perception in their employees and the influence in productivity and, therefore, in organizational competitiveness.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Corporate Happiness within Technology-Based Firms in Andalucia","authors":"Eduardo Ahumada-Tello, Rafael Ravina-Ripoll, Araceli Callano-Coronil, R. Evans","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488441","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on corporate happiness have emerged as a new approach to management and productivity. The theory around this leadership focus could change the way firms arrange their own business objectives and goals. In this paper, happiness, as a construct, is analyzed from an economical and entrepreneurial perspective. The goal is to determine if happiness influences productivity and work environments in technology-based firms (TBF) in Andalucia, Spain. A survey, completed by 41 employees, was elaborated on and applied to a group of employees in TBF, based in Sevilla. The results confirm that a happier environment is present in TBF than in non-technological firms. This is due to the strategies applied in TBF to improve happiness and wellness perception in their employees and the influence in productivity and, therefore, in organizational competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122392498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488396
Mariam Kotachi, G. Rabadi, M. Seck, Mohamed Kais Msakni, M. Al-Salem, Ali H. Diabat
This paper presents a novel method for simulation-optimization that incorporates the sequence in which the decision variables (resource levels) are optimized. The authors hypothesize that implementing such a sequence will reach a comparable solution in less computation time than the traditional method of optimizing simulations. Since container terminals are complex stochastic systems as they consist of different areas, each with detailed and critical functions that may affect the output, this method is applied and tested on a container terminal simulation model. This approach is anticipated to reduce the search space and improve the efficiency of the optimization process.
{"title":"Sequence-Based Simulation Optimization: An Application to Container Terminals","authors":"Mariam Kotachi, G. Rabadi, M. Seck, Mohamed Kais Msakni, M. Al-Salem, Ali H. Diabat","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488396","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel method for simulation-optimization that incorporates the sequence in which the decision variables (resource levels) are optimized. The authors hypothesize that implementing such a sequence will reach a comparable solution in less computation time than the traditional method of optimizing simulations. Since container terminals are complex stochastic systems as they consist of different areas, each with detailed and critical functions that may affect the output, this method is applied and tested on a container terminal simulation model. This approach is anticipated to reduce the search space and improve the efficiency of the optimization process.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122037892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488404
A. Umar
Most of the prevalent smart city solutions that focus on large metropolitan areas are irrelevant to almost half of the world population that lives in rural areas, small towns, islands and isolated communities. This paper presents an alternate perspective that is based on Smart Collaborating Hubs and a Smart Global Village to serve smaller communities. These hubs provide inexpensive and highly specialized services in health, education, public safety, public welfare and other vital sectors for the underserved populations around the globe. An extensive computer aided methodology is presented that is being used to plan, engineer and manage the smart collaborating hubs for a United Nations Partnership. Key results and examples are used to illustrate the main points.
{"title":"Smart Collaborating Hubs and a Smart Global Village - An Alternative Perspective on Smart Cities","authors":"A. Umar","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488404","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the prevalent smart city solutions that focus on large metropolitan areas are irrelevant to almost half of the world population that lives in rural areas, small towns, islands and isolated communities. This paper presents an alternate perspective that is based on Smart Collaborating Hubs and a Smart Global Village to serve smaller communities. These hubs provide inexpensive and highly specialized services in health, education, public safety, public welfare and other vital sectors for the underserved populations around the globe. An extensive computer aided methodology is presented that is being used to plan, engineer and manage the smart collaborating hubs for a United Nations Partnership. Key results and examples are used to illustrate the main points.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125965826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488384
Umar Safdar, Irtaza Sajid, Y. Badir
This Paper emphasizes the role of market dynamics in determining the extent of openness for knowledge sourcing measured on the basis of breadth and depth for startups. The backdrop was formulated on the padding of the resource-based view, knowledge-based view, network theory, organizational learning, opportunistic behaviour and trust, each of which serve as a valuable theoretical underpinning to encapsulate fragmented branches. Protection mechanisms play a critical role when opening up the system to match and align knowledge and resources. Open innovation is contingent on the format used to bring resources together which according to our results is sequenced as divergence (breadth) leading to convergence (depth).
{"title":"Is the turbulence caused by the dynamic environment straining start-ups' agility? Exploring the pragmatic solution of open innovation while capturing the role of formal and informal protection mechanisms","authors":"Umar Safdar, Irtaza Sajid, Y. Badir","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488384","url":null,"abstract":"This Paper emphasizes the role of market dynamics in determining the extent of openness for knowledge sourcing measured on the basis of breadth and depth for startups. The backdrop was formulated on the padding of the resource-based view, knowledge-based view, network theory, organizational learning, opportunistic behaviour and trust, each of which serve as a valuable theoretical underpinning to encapsulate fragmented branches. Protection mechanisms play a critical role when opening up the system to match and align knowledge and resources. Open innovation is contingent on the format used to bring resources together which according to our results is sequenced as divergence (breadth) leading to convergence (depth).","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132036932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488433
Yohei Sukegawa, T. Samad
The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) in Japan spends about 7 billion yen in commissioned project studies and competitive funds programs that are mainly targeted at maturing technology from a technology readiness level in the 3–6 range. The success rate of these programs, as measured by commercialization, has been poor. Other governments have adopted stage-gate processes for R&D funding programs with greater transfer of the developed technology to commercial products. Three such programs-two from the US and one from the UK-are reviewed. Based on the analysis, a new stage-gate process for MAFF is proposed, with gates and deliverables identified.
{"title":"Improving Effectiveness of Government-Funded R&D Programs—Application of a Stage-Gate System for a Japanese Ministry","authors":"Yohei Sukegawa, T. Samad","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488433","url":null,"abstract":"The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) in Japan spends about 7 billion yen in commissioned project studies and competitive funds programs that are mainly targeted at maturing technology from a technology readiness level in the 3–6 range. The success rate of these programs, as measured by commercialization, has been poor. Other governments have adopted stage-gate processes for R&D funding programs with greater transfer of the developed technology to commercial products. Three such programs-two from the US and one from the UK-are reviewed. Based on the analysis, a new stage-gate process for MAFF is proposed, with gates and deliverables identified.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134251938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488401
Renato de Matta, T. Miller
We develop a contingency planning methodology for how a firm would build a global supply chain network with reserve manufacturing capacity which can be strategically deployed by the firm in the event actual demand exceeds forecast. The contingency planning approach is comprised of: (1) a strategic network design model for finding the profit maximizing plant locations, manufacturing capacity and inventory investments, and production level and product distribution; and (2) a scenario planning and risk assessment scheme to analyze the costs and benefits of alternative levels of manufacturing capacity and inventory investments. We develop an efficient heuristic procedure to solve the model. We show numerically how a firm would use our approach to explore and weigh the potential upside benefits and downside risks of alternative strategies.
{"title":"A Strategic Manufacturing Capacity and Supply Chain Network Design Contingency Planning Approach","authors":"Renato de Matta, T. Miller","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488401","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a contingency planning methodology for how a firm would build a global supply chain network with reserve manufacturing capacity which can be strategically deployed by the firm in the event actual demand exceeds forecast. The contingency planning approach is comprised of: (1) a strategic network design model for finding the profit maximizing plant locations, manufacturing capacity and inventory investments, and production level and product distribution; and (2) a scenario planning and risk assessment scheme to analyze the costs and benefits of alternative levels of manufacturing capacity and inventory investments. We develop an efficient heuristic procedure to solve the model. We show numerically how a firm would use our approach to explore and weigh the potential upside benefits and downside risks of alternative strategies.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130977889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488395
I. D. De Kock, A. Brent
Technological innovations that are available, as well as those being developed, are becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex, and in recent years technologies emerged that hold structural characteristics that are new, or different, from traditional technologies. These technologies, which are defined in this research inquiry, are referred to as a ‘nexus technology’. A review of technology definitions, typologies, and modes of interaction between technologies is provided with the aim of identifying the similarities and differences between existing concepts and that of the nexus technology. The aim of this research inquiry is not to construct a new, or alternative, definition of technology, but rather to use existing bodies of literature and definitions to develop a conceptual model that can be used to define a nexus technology. A deeper understanding of nexus technology and its defining characteristics is required to grasp the challenges associated with a nexus technology when the design, development, implementation, management, innovation and related research issues of such technologies are considered. The primary aim of defining a nexus technology is to highlight the (unique) characteristics of this type of technology, in order to, from here, further the research and body of knowledge concerned with nexus technologies.
{"title":"Defining nexus technology: the introduction of a conceptual model","authors":"I. D. De Kock, A. Brent","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488395","url":null,"abstract":"Technological innovations that are available, as well as those being developed, are becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex, and in recent years technologies emerged that hold structural characteristics that are new, or different, from traditional technologies. These technologies, which are defined in this research inquiry, are referred to as a ‘nexus technology’. A review of technology definitions, typologies, and modes of interaction between technologies is provided with the aim of identifying the similarities and differences between existing concepts and that of the nexus technology. The aim of this research inquiry is not to construct a new, or alternative, definition of technology, but rather to use existing bodies of literature and definitions to develop a conceptual model that can be used to define a nexus technology. A deeper understanding of nexus technology and its defining characteristics is required to grasp the challenges associated with a nexus technology when the design, development, implementation, management, innovation and related research issues of such technologies are considered. The primary aim of defining a nexus technology is to highlight the (unique) characteristics of this type of technology, in order to, from here, further the research and body of knowledge concerned with nexus technologies.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133590800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488387
B K R Naik, Anees Khan, Ajit Kumar, J. Mohite
An entrepreneur is a key to initiating entrepreneurial activities. Various countries have taken different steps for promoting technopreneurship. On this backdrop we have attempted to explore the promotional efforts in various countries and the factors which enhance propensity of technopreneurial activities. To address these research questions, we have identified research articles on technopreneurship in different countries and systematically reviewed them. Few European countries have begun providing entrepreneurship education at the higher stages of academia. In some nations governing bodies are set up to help budding entrepreneur grow their business, incubators are set up in various national institutes, and the concept of the entrepreneurial university has also emerged. Investment in Research and Development has also been looked as initiating step for technopreneurship in many countries. This will create an ecosystem of technopreneurship and will help improve the economy of a nation by generating more number of jobs after setting up of more number of MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in the field of high technology. These programs are also likely to help an individual think more towards the improvement of the community and not only about profit making. We have found that the efforts by various countries are dependent on their regional priorities. However, there is more which can be done to research the key issues for not getting the desired impact of such programs.
{"title":"Promotion of Techno-entrepreneurship Programs in different Countries: A Review","authors":"B K R Naik, Anees Khan, Ajit Kumar, J. Mohite","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488387","url":null,"abstract":"An entrepreneur is a key to initiating entrepreneurial activities. Various countries have taken different steps for promoting technopreneurship. On this backdrop we have attempted to explore the promotional efforts in various countries and the factors which enhance propensity of technopreneurial activities. To address these research questions, we have identified research articles on technopreneurship in different countries and systematically reviewed them. Few European countries have begun providing entrepreneurship education at the higher stages of academia. In some nations governing bodies are set up to help budding entrepreneur grow their business, incubators are set up in various national institutes, and the concept of the entrepreneurial university has also emerged. Investment in Research and Development has also been looked as initiating step for technopreneurship in many countries. This will create an ecosystem of technopreneurship and will help improve the economy of a nation by generating more number of jobs after setting up of more number of MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in the field of high technology. These programs are also likely to help an individual think more towards the improvement of the community and not only about profit making. We have found that the efforts by various countries are dependent on their regional priorities. However, there is more which can be done to research the key issues for not getting the desired impact of such programs.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133150698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488432
Woojin Jung, Sang-Yong Tom Lee
We measured the R&D outcomes of Korea's firms by analyzing the change and the pattern of technology knowledge flows and compared IT R&D outcomes with non-IT R&D outcomes. Using the registered patent data of 2008 and 2009 and their citing patent data till July 2012, we computed technology cycle time (TCT) and various centrality indexes by patent citation analyses (PCA) including social network analysis (SNA). Having done these analyses, we additionally conducted a confirmatory statistical test to compare IT R&D with non-IT R&D in terms of their performances. We found that IT R&D in Korea's firms achieves higher levels of technology development speed, technology spillover and industry absorption, when compared to non-IT segments.
{"title":"IT R&D Outcomes and Technology Knowledge Flows in Korea","authors":"Woojin Jung, Sang-Yong Tom Lee","doi":"10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMSCON.2018.8488432","url":null,"abstract":"We measured the R&D outcomes of Korea's firms by analyzing the change and the pattern of technology knowledge flows and compared IT R&D outcomes with non-IT R&D outcomes. Using the registered patent data of 2008 and 2009 and their citing patent data till July 2012, we computed technology cycle time (TCT) and various centrality indexes by patent citation analyses (PCA) including social network analysis (SNA). Having done these analyses, we additionally conducted a confirmatory statistical test to compare IT R&D with non-IT R&D in terms of their performances. We found that IT R&D in Korea's firms achieves higher levels of technology development speed, technology spillover and industry absorption, when compared to non-IT segments.","PeriodicalId":346867,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116985842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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