Cellulose-based encapsulation for all-printed flexible thermoelectric touch detectors

IF 2.8 4区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI:10.1007/s10854-024-14064-4

Joana Figueira, Mariana Peixoto, Cristina Gaspar, Joana Loureiro, Rodrigo Martins, Emanuel Carlos, Luís Pereira

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Abstract

Printed and flexible electronics have gained considerable scientific attention in recent years, driving the demand for low-energy production techniques, eco-friendly materials and flexible substrates. However, effective encapsulation is essential to protect these devices in harsh environmental conditions. Thus, sustainable encapsulant materials are critical for advancing flexible electronics. In this work, we studied three encapsulant materials—commercial plastic, polyvinyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose—applied to thermoelectric touch sensors printed on paper and fabric substrates. Ethyl cellulose demonstrated promising properties in terms of flexibility, water resistance and transparency, along with a low carbon footprint. Encapsulated substrates with ethyl cellulose exhibited high contact angles (121° on fabric and 116° on paper), indicating robust water repellency. Thermal stability tests showed minimal mass loss (10%) at 315 °C, confirming its temperature resilience. Furthermore, sensors encapsulated with ethyl cellulose retained their electric performance after water submersion for 1 min and withstood 100 bending cycles, maintaining response times below 1 s and signal output around 100 µV. These findings highlight ethyl cellulose as a viable green encapsulant material compatible with large-scale sustainable electronics manufacturing.

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基于纤维素的全印刷柔性热电触摸探测器封装

近年来，印刷和柔性电子产品获得了相当大的科学关注，推动了对低能耗生产技术、环保材料和柔性基板的需求。然而，有效的封装对于在恶劣的环境条件下保护这些设备至关重要。因此，可持续的封装材料对于推进柔性电子产品至关重要。在这项工作中，我们研究了三种封装材料——商业塑料、聚乙烯醇和乙基纤维素——应用于印刷在纸和织物基材上的热电触摸传感器。乙基纤维素在柔韧性、耐水性和透明度以及低碳足迹方面表现出了良好的性能。乙基纤维素包封的基材表现出高接触角（织物上121°，纸上116°），显示出强大的拒水性。热稳定性测试表明，在315°C时，质量损失最小（10%），证实了其温度弹性。此外，用乙基纤维素封装的传感器在水中浸泡1分钟后仍能保持其电性能，承受100次弯曲循环，响应时间低于1 s，信号输出约为100µV。这些发现突出了乙基纤维素作为一种可行的绿色封装材料与大规模可持续电子制造相兼容。

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来源期刊

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

7.10%

发文量

1931

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics is an established refereed companion to the Journal of Materials Science. It publishes papers on materials and their applications in modern electronics, covering the ground between fundamental science, such as semiconductor physics, and work concerned specifically with applications. It explores the growth and preparation of new materials, as well as their processing, fabrication, bonding and encapsulation, together with the reliability, failure analysis, quality assurance and characterization related to the whole range of applications in electronics. The Journal presents papers in newly developing fields such as low dimensional structures and devices, optoelectronics including III-V compounds, glasses and linear/non-linear crystal materials and lasers, high Tc superconductors, conducting polymers, thick film materials and new contact technologies, as well as the established electronics device and circuit materials.