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{"title":"Safety of COVID-19 vaccination among patients with history of allergic reactions","authors":"Katarzyna Furman, Ewelina Kasprzyk-Wieczorkowska, J. Glück, R. Gawlik","doi":"10.5114/pja.2023.125767","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaccination is considered the most effective method of preventing diseases and their complications. Unfortunately, many people question their legitimacy and safety. At the beginning of 2021, a few months after the announcement of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), the first COVID-19 vaccines were granted a conditional marketing authorization. mRNA vaccines have attracted great interest due to the use of new technology and the content of polyethylene glycol (PEG 2000) in their composition, which may induce anaphylaxis. Due to vaccine tolerance concerns, some vaccination centres have refused to administer the vaccine to patients. Aim(s): Risk assessment of allergic reactions after administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. Material(s) and Method(s): 115 patients were admitted to the Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology in Katowice, including 107 patients with a high risk of anaphylaxis after vaccination according to the referring physician and 8 patients with a history of hypersensitivity reactions after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Patients were referred for diagnosis of hypersensitivity to components of the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and administration of the vaccine in a hospital setting. During hospitalization, all patients underwent skin prick and intradermal tests with the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine components, with negative results. Patients were administered the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine intramuscularly, followed by at least 60 minutes of observation in the Department. Result(s): No symptoms of early hypersensitivity were observed. One patient developed urticarial lesions on the skin of the neck approximately 4-5 hours after vaccination. Conclusion(s): The risk of anaphylaxis after COVID-19 vaccine administration is low, and only a small group of patients with an allergic history require a specialised diagnostics. Physicians authorised to administer the vaccine should be acquainted with the latest recommendations, assess the risk of anaphylaxis and avoid unnecessary delays in administering a vaccine that can protect against severe morbidity and death.Copyright © 2023, Termedia Publishing House Ltd.. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7469,"journal":{"name":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pja.2023.125767","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ALLERGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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有过敏反应史的患者接种COVID-19疫苗的安全性
疫苗接种被认为是预防疾病及其并发症的最有效方法。不幸的是,许多人质疑它们的合法性和安全性。2021年初,在世界卫生组织(世卫组织)宣布SARS-CoV-2大流行几个月后,首批COVID-19疫苗获得了有条件上市许可。mRNA疫苗由于使用了新技术和其成分中可能引起过敏反应的聚乙二醇(PEG 2000)的含量而引起了极大的兴趣。由于疫苗耐受性问题,一些疫苗接种中心拒绝给病人接种疫苗。目的:接种COVID-19疫苗后过敏反应的风险评估。材料和方法:115例患者被卡托维兹市过敏症学和临床免疫学科收治,其中107例患者根据转诊医生报告在接种疫苗后出现过敏反应高风险,8例患者在首次接种COVID-19疫苗后出现超敏反应史。患者被转诊为对辉瑞/BioNTech COVID-19疫苗成分的过敏诊断和在医院环境中给药。在住院期间,所有患者均接受了辉瑞/BioNTech COVID-19疫苗成分的皮肤点刺和皮内试验,结果均为阴性。患者肌肉注射辉瑞/BioNTech COVID-19疫苗,然后在该科观察至少60分钟。结果:未见早期超敏症状。一名患者在接种疫苗后约4-5小时出现颈部皮肤荨麻疹病变。结论:COVID-19疫苗接种后发生过敏反应的风险较低,只有一小部分有过敏史的患者需要进行专门诊断。被授权接种疫苗的医生应熟悉最新的建议,评估过敏反应的风险,并避免在接种疫苗时不必要的延误,这可以防止严重的发病率和死亡。版权所有©Termedia出版社有限公司版权所有。
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