理学最新文献

{"title":"Recent advances in Zn–CO2 batteries for the co-production of electricity and carbonaceous fuels","authors":"Ying Guo ,&nbsp;Rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaoce Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunyi Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical CO₂ reduction has been considered a promising approach to neutralizing the global CO₂ level. As an intriguing technique, metal-CO₂ battery devices can not only capture CO₂ into valuable carbonaceous chemicals and reduce the CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere but enable energy conversion. Among metal-CO₂ batteries, aqueous Zn–CO₂ batteries, especially rechargeable systems, exhibit flexible CO₂ electrochemistry in terms of multi-carbon chemicals, which are gaseous or water-soluble, in favor of rechargeability and cycling durability of aqueous battery systems. Despite the increasing number of publications on Zn–CO₂ batteries in the past three years, this field is still in its beginning stage and facing many challenges considering the capability of CO₂ fixation and battery performance. Herein, we present a timely and overall summary of the recent progress in Zn–CO₂ batteries, including fundamental mechanisms, affecting factors on electrochemical performance, catalyst cathodes, and electrolytes (catholytes and anolytes). Besides, we assess the application potential of Zn–CO₂ batteries and compare this with those of alkali metal-CO₂ batteries based on CO₂ fixation and battery performance. Finally, we point out some current challenges for the further development of Zn–CO₂ batteries and put forward perspectives of the research directions for practical applications of Zn–CO₂ batteries in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 862-876"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48658753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique heterostructures of ZnCdS nanoplates with Bi2S3−terminated edges for optimal CO2−to−CO photoconversion","authors":"Zhiwei Zou ,&nbsp;Huiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyu Lan ,&nbsp;Jiahui Luo ,&nbsp;Yichao Xie ,&nbsp;Yafeng Li ,&nbsp;Jian Lü ,&nbsp;Rong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic conversion of chemical fuels has emerged as a most challenging subject in photocatalysis which is considered as one of the sustainable solutions for environmental issues related to the energy shortage and anthropogenic carbon emissions. Herein, unique heterostructures of ZnCdS nanoplates with Bi₂S₃−terminated edges were prepared through a facile cation exchange pathway, by which the controlled photocatalytic CO₂ conversion was achieved. The optimized BZCS–NS−5 photocatalyst exhibited an excellent capacity of CO₂ photoreduction with a CO production rate of ca. 513.2 ​± ​5.1 ​μmol ​g⁻¹ ​h⁻¹ and a selectivity of ca. 91.0%, which were among the highest activities for sulfide photocatalysts documented in the literature. The outstanding photocatalytic performance was attributable to the formation of Z−scheme heterostrucutres between Bi₂S₃ and ZnCdS, in a way the separation and migration of photocarriers were accelerated. This work thus provides a feasible strategy for the construction of heterostructures to enhance the activity and selectivity of CO₂−to−CO conversion via delicate design and controlled synthesis of photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 810-817"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45616082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effect and its mechanism for electrolyte additives on the anode interface in aqueous zinc-based energy storage devices","authors":"Xinyi Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Han ,&nbsp;Shixue Dou ,&nbsp;Weijie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous-electrolyte-based zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), which have significant advantages over other batteries, including low cost, high safety, high ionic conductivity, and a natural abundance of zinc, have been regarded as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). ZIBs still face some critical challenges, however, especially for building a reversible zinc anode. To address the reversibility of zinc anode, great efforts have been made on intrinsic anode engineering and anode interface modification. Less attention has been devoted to the electrolyte additives, however, which could not only significantly improve the reversibility of zinc anode, but also determine the viability and overall performance of ZIBs. This review aims to provide an overview of the two main functions of electrolyte additives, followed by details on six reasons why additives might improve the performance of ZIBs from the perspectives of creating new layers and regulating current plating/stripping processes. Furthermore, the remaining difficulties and potential directions for additives in aqueous ZIBs are also highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 847-861"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46474059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkali metal cations change the hydrogen evolution reaction mechanisms at Pt electrodes in alkaline media","authors":"Yamen Taji ,&nbsp;Alexandra Zagalskaya ,&nbsp;Iman Evazzade ,&nbsp;Sebastian Watzele ,&nbsp;Kunting Song ,&nbsp;Song Xue ,&nbsp;Christian Schott ,&nbsp;Batyr Garlyyev ,&nbsp;Vitaly Alexandrov ,&nbsp;Elena Gubanova ,&nbsp;Aliaksandr S. Bandarenka","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of seemingly inert alkali metal (AM) cations on the electrocatalytic activity of electrode materials towards reactions essential for energy provision have become the emphasis of substantial research efforts in recent years. The hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions during alkaline water electrolysis and the oxygen electro-reduction taking place in fuel cells are of particular importance. There is no universal theory explaining all the details of the AM cation effect in electrocatalysis. For example, it remains unclear how “spectator” AM-cations can change the kinetics of electrocatalytic reactions often more significantly than the modifications of the electrode structure and composition. This situation originates partly from a lack of systematic experimental and theoretical studies of this phenomenon. The present work exploits impedance spectroscopy to investigate the influence of the AM cations on the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction at Pt microelectrodes. The activity follows the trend: Li⁺≥Na⁺&gt;K⁺&gt;Cs⁺, where the highest activity corresponds to 0.1 ​M LiOH electrolytes at low overpotentials. We demonstrate that the nature of the AM cations also changes the relative contribution of the Volmer–Heyrovsky and Volmer–Tafel mechanisms to the overall reaction, with the former being more important for LiOH electrolytes. Our density functional theory-based thermodynamics and molecular dynamics calculations support these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 729-734"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47831782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of encapsulation methods and geometric improvements of perovskite solar cells and modules for mass production and commercialization","authors":"Wending Yang ,&nbsp;Yubo Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengchao Xiao ,&nbsp;Jingxuan Yang ,&nbsp;Tailong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to the outstanding optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely studied by academic organizations and industry corporations, with great potential to become the next-generation commercial solar cells. However, critical challenges remain in preserving high efficiency practical large-scale commercialized PSCs: a) the long-term stability of the cell materials and devices, b) lead leakage, and c) methods to scale the cells for larger area applications. This paper summarizes the prior-art strategies to address the above challenges, including the latest studies on the traditional glass-glass and thin-film encapsulation methods to better improve the reliability of PSCs, new technologies for preventing lead leakage, and geometric improvement strategies to enhance the reliability, efficiency, and performance of perovskite solar modules (PSMs). Through these strategies, the device achieved enhanced performance in long-term stability tests. The encapsulation resulted in a high lead leakage inhibition rate of up to 99 ​%, and the PSMs possessed a geometric fill factor of 99.6 ​% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.7 ​%. The dramatic improvement of efficiency and reliability of perovskite solar cells and modules indicate the great potential for mass production and commercialization of perovskite solar applications in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 790-809"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145651780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LSTM-assisted optical fiber interferometric sensing: breaking the limitation of free spectral range.","authors":"Junling Hu,Sa Zhang,Meiyu Cai,Mingjian Ma,Shuguang Li,Hailiang Chen,Sigang Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02008-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02008-4","url":null,"abstract":"Optical fiber interferometric sensors are of great importance in chemistry, biology, and medicine disciplines owing to high-sensitivity and high-quality factor. However, due to the limitation of free spectral range, the inherent trade-off between wide measurement range and high sensitivity poses a persistent challenge in interference sensor development, which has fundamentally hindered their widespread adoption in precision measurement applications. In this work, a long short-term memory neural network is utilized in a Mach-Zehnder interference-based refractive index sensor to break the free spectral range limitation. Unique gating mechanism in long short-term memory neural network enables it to efficiently process long-term dependent sequence information, such as interference spectrum, avoiding the need for complex spectral signal analysis. A one-to-one mapping relationship is established between the interference spectrum and refractive index with root mean square error of 3.029 × 10-4 and a coefficient of determination of 0.99971. The measurement range is extended from a single free spectral range of 1.3333-1.3561 to approximately three free spectral ranges of 1.3333-1.3921 without sacrificing sensitivity. Moreover, a wider measurement range can be achieved with sufficient training data. This work successfully resolves the inherent contradiction between high sensitivity and wide dynamic measurement range in optical interference-based sensors, opening up a path for the next generation of intelligent sensing systems.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":"392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional carbon-based heterostructures as bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting and metal–air batteries","authors":"Peixun Xiong ,&nbsp;Jeiwan Tan ,&nbsp;Hongdae Lee ,&nbsp;Neul Ha ,&nbsp;Sang Joon Lee ,&nbsp;Wooseok Yang ,&nbsp;Ho Seok Park","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous depletion of fossil fuels and the effects of climate change have encouraged prompt action to attain carbon neutrality. Technologies that transform and store renewable energy are crucial for creating a sustainable society, which is independent of fossil fuels. In this regard, electrochemical water splitting based on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an attractive technique for producing carbon-free hydrogen fuels. Additionally, rechargeable metal–air batteries (MABs) are another intriguing way for renewable energy storage through reversible oxygen reactions (OER and the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR). Herein, we comprehensively review bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting (HER and OER) and MABs (OER and ORR), particularly 2D carbon material-derived heterostructures. The synthesis and properties of 2D carbon materials and their energy conversion and storage mechanisms are discussed to highlight the bifunctionality of the heterostructures. Recent studies on bifunctional electrocatalysts based on 2D carbon-derived heterostructures are also reviewed. Finally, perspectives for future studies and multifunctional catalysts are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 735-760"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and long-term dietary supplementation as well as withdrawal of the enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol reveal distinct effects on the rumen microbial community.","authors":"Youyoung Choi, Mi Zhou, Atmir Romero-Pérez, Karen A Beauchemin, Stephane Duval, Maik Kindermann, Le Luo Guan","doi":"10.1186/s40104-025-01291-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-025-01291-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The enteric methane inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) inhibits the key enzyme in ruminal methanogenesis, but whether short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) dietary supplementation has similar effects on rumen microbiota in beef cattle and how microbes change after 3-NOP withdrawal have not been studied. This study investigated changes in rumen bacteria, archaea, and protozoa after ST and LT dietary supplementation and removal of 3-NOP using metataxonomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 143 rumen samples were collected from two beef cattle studies with 3-NOP supplementation. The ST study (95 samples) used eight ruminally cannulated beef cattle in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four 28-d of 3-NOP treatments [mg/kg of dry matter (DM)]: control: 0, low: 53, med: 161, and high: 345. The LT study (48 samples) was a completely randomized design with two 3-NOP treatments [control: 0, and high: 280 mg/kg of DM) fed for 112-d followed by a 16-d withdrawal (without 3-NOP). Bacterial and archaeal communities were significantly affected by 3-NOP supplementation but limited effects on protozoal communities were observed. Under ST supplementation, the relative abundances of Prevotella, Methanobrevibacter (Mbb.) ruminantium, Methanosphaera sp. ISO3-F5, and Entodinium were increased (Q < 0.05), whereas those of Mbb. gottschalkii and Epidinium were decreased (Q < 0.05) with 3-NOP supplementation. In LT study, relative abundances of Mbb. ruminantium, and Methanosphaera sp. Group5 were increased (Q < 0.05), while those of Saccharofermentans and Mbb. gottschalkii were decreased (Q < 0.05) with 3-NOP supplementation. Comparison between 3-NOP supplementation and the withdrawal revealed increased relative abundances of Clostridia UCG-014 and Oscillospiraceae NK4A214 group and decreased those of Eubacterium nodatum group and Methanosphaera sp. Group5 (P < 0.05) after 3-NOP withdrawal. Further comparison of rumen microbiota between control and 3-NOP withdrawal showed significantly higher (P = 0.029) relative abundances of Eggerthellaceae DNF00809, p-1088-a5 gut group, and Family XII UCG-001 in control group while no significant differences were detected for archaea and protozoa. Microbial network analysis revealed that microbial interactions differed by both 3-NOP dose and durations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both ST and LT supplementation affected overall rumen microbial profile, with individual microbial groups responded to 3-NOP supplementation differently. After 3-NOP withdrawal, not all microbes showed recovery, indicating that the 3-NOP driven shifts were only partially reversible. These findings provide an understanding of the effects of 3-NOP on rumen microbial communities and their adaptability to methane mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12667093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial for a special issue on emerging materials for carbon neutrality","authors":"Pengcheng Liu ,&nbsp;Guiyin Xu ,&nbsp;Weijin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 727-728"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145651998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of graphene in rechargeable lithium batteries: Synthesis, functionalisation, and perspectives","authors":"Asad Ali ,&nbsp;Fengxing Liang ,&nbsp;Jinliang Zhu ,&nbsp;Peikang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the demand for high-performance rechargeable lithium batteries has increased significantly, and many efforts have been made to boost the use of advanced electrode materials. Since graphene was first isolated by Novoselov et al., graphene/graphene-based materials have become an active area of research and are considered to be promising high-performance electrode materials. Graphene is a two-dimensional single-atom carbon-packed material that possesses fascinating properties, including a large surface area, remarkable electrical conductivity, extraordinary intrinsic electron mobility, high Young's modulus, superior mechanical strength, optical transmittance, catalytic performance, and stability. Therefore, graphene is considered an attractive material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), and lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs). In this comprehensive review, we emphasise the recent progress in the controllable synthesis, functionalisation, and role of graphene in rechargeable lithium batteries. Finally, in this review, we aim to address the most promising results, benefits, challenges, critical issues, research directions, and perspectives to explain the developmental directions of graphene for batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33573,"journal":{"name":"Nano Materials Science","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 818-836"},"PeriodicalIF":17.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46058355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}