abstract:This paper focuses on German immigrant labor in Baltimore in 1860, where Germans had become the largest European immigrant group after being impelled to migrate by geopolitical change in central Europe and the dynamics of industrial capitalism. I describe the push factors that drove them to Baltimore and the pull factors in the urban region that attracted them. I then analyze 1860 census data for Baltimore's Ward 1 and integrate this information with broader data from the Historical Statistics of the United States. For some immigrants, their artisanal skills were compatible with small-site craft industries in the transitional economy of the city. However, the data clearly show that German immigrant laborers were concentrated in lower-paid work, indicating little difference between the Germans and other immigrant groups such as the Irish. The paper enables deeper insights into immigrant life in Baltimore during its transition from a commercial city with locally based artisan crafts to an export-oriented industrial metropolis of mass factory labor.
{"title":"German Immigrant Labor in Baltimore on the Eve of the Civil War","authors":"James M. Smith","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This paper focuses on German immigrant labor in Baltimore in 1860, where Germans had become the largest European immigrant group after being impelled to migrate by geopolitical change in central Europe and the dynamics of industrial capitalism. I describe the push factors that drove them to Baltimore and the pull factors in the urban region that attracted them. I then analyze 1860 census data for Baltimore's Ward 1 and integrate this information with broader data from the Historical Statistics of the United States. For some immigrants, their artisanal skills were compatible with small-site craft industries in the transitional economy of the city. However, the data clearly show that German immigrant laborers were concentrated in lower-paid work, indicating little difference between the Germans and other immigrant groups such as the Irish. The paper enables deeper insights into immigrant life in Baltimore during its transition from a commercial city with locally based artisan crafts to an export-oriented industrial metropolis of mass factory labor.","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"59 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43062952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Queer New York: Geographies of Lesbians, Dykes, and Queers by Jen Jack Gieseking (review)","authors":"C. Sturgess","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"102 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44498978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where Caciques and Mapmakers Met: Border Making in Eighteenth-Century South America by Jeffrey A. Erbig Jr. (review)","authors":"Timothy B. Norris","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"91 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46740473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
abstract:Andrew Clark's (1949) Invasion of New Zealand by People, Plants and Animals is an exemplar of a "diachronic" or a "vertical themes" approach to the study of geographical change. Within scholarly geographical endeavors such as teaching, research, conferencing, and networking, the significance of book reviews has received limited attention. This paper considers the initial response of reviewers to Clark's monograph and how their reactions might be evaluated.
{"title":"Andrew Clark's The Invasion of New Zealand by People, Plants and Animals in Review","authors":"M. Roche","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0000","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Andrew Clark's (1949) Invasion of New Zealand by People, Plants and Animals is an exemplar of a \"diachronic\" or a \"vertical themes\" approach to the study of geographical change. Within scholarly geographical endeavors such as teaching, research, conferencing, and networking, the significance of book reviews has received limited attention. This paper considers the initial response of reviewers to Clark's monograph and how their reactions might be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46393053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safari Nation: A Social History of the Kruger National Park by Jacob S. T. Dlamini (review)","authors":"S. Norgaard","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"84 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45862072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"West Germany and the Iron Curtain: Environment, Economy, and Culture in the Borderlands by Astrid Eckert (review)","authors":"Kristin Poling","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"88 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43415602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
formerly abundant species that garnered little attention from commercial fishers at first was the diamondbacked terrapin. By the middle years of the nineteenth century, however, “proggers” were wading the shallow waters of the bay and its tributaries in search of terrapin meat and eggs. High demand for this Maryland delicacy eventually caused populations to plummet, and today the state prohibits their harvest. Likewise, “tonging” and “dredging” supported an oyster canning industry that employed 8,687 workers in 1890 but a mere 900 workers in 1936– 37, with a similar impact on numbers of harvesters (50). Overharvesting extended to avian species as well. Indeed, the “thunderous sounds of massed beating wings,” so common into the nineteenth century, fell all but silent as hunters and poachers using punt guns, sink boxes, and battery guns engaged in a massive slaughter of ducks, geese, and other waterfowl (65). Only the blue crab fishery remains productive today. Although much of this book is about what has been lost, Kennedy remains sanguine, albeit realistic, about the future of the bay: “For a number of reasons, including the loss or degradation of habitat caused by increased human population in the watershed, we will undoubtedly not be able to return the Chesapeake Bay to the productivity of the 1800s.” And yet, he argues, appreciating what the bay “was once capable of supporting ecologically and economically” may help us set a higher baseline for our restoration efforts (101). Perhaps this is the book’s greatest contribution— that the Chesapeake Bay our grandchildren experience and enjoy might resemble more closely the one our greatgrandparents would recognize.
{"title":"Confederate Exodus: Social and Environmental Forces in the Migration of U.S. Southerners to Brazil by Alan P. Marcus (review)","authors":"K. Mathewson","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"formerly abundant species that garnered little attention from commercial fishers at first was the diamondbacked terrapin. By the middle years of the nineteenth century, however, “proggers” were wading the shallow waters of the bay and its tributaries in search of terrapin meat and eggs. High demand for this Maryland delicacy eventually caused populations to plummet, and today the state prohibits their harvest. Likewise, “tonging” and “dredging” supported an oyster canning industry that employed 8,687 workers in 1890 but a mere 900 workers in 1936– 37, with a similar impact on numbers of harvesters (50). Overharvesting extended to avian species as well. Indeed, the “thunderous sounds of massed beating wings,” so common into the nineteenth century, fell all but silent as hunters and poachers using punt guns, sink boxes, and battery guns engaged in a massive slaughter of ducks, geese, and other waterfowl (65). Only the blue crab fishery remains productive today. Although much of this book is about what has been lost, Kennedy remains sanguine, albeit realistic, about the future of the bay: “For a number of reasons, including the loss or degradation of habitat caused by increased human population in the watershed, we will undoubtedly not be able to return the Chesapeake Bay to the productivity of the 1800s.” And yet, he argues, appreciating what the bay “was once capable of supporting ecologically and economically” may help us set a higher baseline for our restoration efforts (101). Perhaps this is the book’s greatest contribution— that the Chesapeake Bay our grandchildren experience and enjoy might resemble more closely the one our greatgrandparents would recognize.","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"115 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66419847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Singer's Needle: An Undisciplined History of Panama by Ezer Vierba (review)","authors":"Marcos Pérez Cañizares","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"138 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48435143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The SAGE Handbook of Historical Geography eds. by Mona Domosh, Michael Heffernan, and Charles W. J. Withers (review)","authors":"Robert A. Rundstrom","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"77 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48811512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical Geography, GIScience, and Textual Analysis: Landscapes of Time and Place eds. by Charles Travis, Francis Ludlow, and Ferenc Gyuris (review)","authors":"Zef M. Segal","doi":"10.1353/hgo.2021.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hgo.2021.0022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52459,"journal":{"name":"Historical Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"135 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45303054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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