物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"Sensing multiatom networks in cavities via photon-induced excitation resonance","authors":"Pritam Chattopadhyay, Avijit Misra, Saikat Sur, David Petrosyan, Gershon Kurizki","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adcae3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adcae3","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the distribution in space and time of a single-photon excitation shared by a network of dipole–dipole interacting atoms that are also coupled to a common photonic field mode. Time-averaged distributions reveal partial trapping of the excitation near the initially excited atom. This trapping is associated with resonances of the excitation at crossing points of the photon-dressed energy eigenvalues of the network. The predicted <italic toggle=\"yes\">photon-induced many-atom trapped excitation</italic> (PIMATE) is sensitive to atomic position disorder which broadens the excitation resonances and transforms them to avoided crossings. PIMATE is shown to allow highly effective and accurate sensing of <italic toggle=\"yes\">multi-atom</italic> networks and their disorder.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can MAG be a predictive EFT? Radiative stability and ghost resurgence in massive vector models","authors":"Carlo Marzo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/adc9f1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/adc9f1","url":null,"abstract":"The rigorous conditions for obtaining sensible predictions in non (proper) renormalizable quantum field theories were derived a long time ago, most notably in the works of Steven Weinberg. In this paper we explicitly illustrate the challenges met in carrying this program within the affine gravity framework, in particular when attempting to pinpoint viable particle propagation. We explore the one-loop structure of some ghost and tachyon-free vector theories to illustrate the role of structural constraints in their interactions, even in the absence of gauge symmetries. Despite the presence of soft-breaking terms, we show how hopes of casting a vector model within the predictive frame of effective field methods hinges on adopting a gauge-like treatment of their interactions. Our focus here is restricted to negative results and no-go theorems, while a forthcoming companion paper will explore viable examples and constructive scenarios.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing aerodynamic noise in vehicles: a hybrid method for noise reduction and signal preservation","authors":"Shiqiang Wen ,&nbsp;Feng Deng ,&nbsp;Chuqi Su ,&nbsp;Xun Liu ,&nbsp;Junyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yiping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle interior noise significantly affects passenger comfort and is composed of powertrain, road, and aerodynamic noise—the latter becoming dominant at high speeds. Advances in noise control and the rise of electric vehicles have diminished engine noise, thereby accentuating aerodynamic noise, which typically spans a frequency range of 40  Hz to 5  kHz. To address the challenges posed by this broadband, nonlinear noise, we propose a Hybrid Aerodynamic Active Noise Control (HAANC) methodology that integrates advanced signal processing and machine learning for precise noise suppression. Specifically, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) are employed for high-resolution signal decomposition and feature extraction, while an adaptive multi-filter structure enhances computational efficiency and stability. In addition, a novel signal extraction network—built on convolutional and bidirectional long short-term memory layers with an attention mechanism—is designed to preserve in-vehicle target sounds, such as conversations and music, amidst interference. Experimental evaluations on real-world datasets show that for pure aerodynamic noise signals, Normalized Mean Squared Error (NMSE) decreased by approximately 10.23  dB and the power spectral density (PSD) was reduced by an average of 15.6  dB/Hz. Under mixed-signal conditions with a –10  dB signal-to-noise ratio, short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) improved by 6.2 %, Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality Mean Opinion Score (PESQ MOS) increased by 26.28 %, and Mean Opinion Score Listening Overall Opinion (MOS LOO) increased by 27.42 %. These quantitative improvements substantiate the superior performance and generalization capabilities of the proposed HAANC system for enhancing passenger comfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Q Monolithic Ring Resonators in Low-Loss Barium Titanate on Silicon","authors":"Amogh Raju, Divya Hungund, Dan Krueger, Zuoming Dong, Zarko Sakotic, Agham B. Posadas, Alexander A. Demkov, Daniel Wasserman","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202402086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202402086","url":null,"abstract":"The extremely large nonlinear optical response and CMOS compatibility of barium titanate make it particularly appealing for high-density, wide-bandwidth, and reduced power consumption optical components and devices for chip-scale photonics applications. However, without a dramatic reduction in material loss, barium titanate is unlikely to be a competitive alternative to existing nonlinear materials used in integrated photonics. This work investigates loss mechanisms in monolithic photonic structures fabricated from barium titanate grown epitaxially by RF-sputtering on silicon-on-insulator substrates. Barium titanate waveguide loss is investigated using three photonic architectures, and straight waveguide loss of less than &lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/6bd30242-97c6-4cc2-91e9-19d3ea4447e9/lpor202402086-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"2\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/lpor202402086-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"0,2,7\" data-semantic-content=\"8,9\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-speech=\"0.15 d upper B c m Superscript negative 1\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"float\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mn&gt;&lt;mjx-mspace data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,⁢\" data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"space\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" style=\"width: 0.16em;\"&gt;&lt;/mjx-mspace&gt;&lt;mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mi&gt;&lt;mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,⁢\" data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" style=\"margin-left: 0.056em; margin-right: 0.056em;\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mo&gt;&lt;mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"3,6\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"7\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mi&gt;&lt;mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.363em;\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-children=\"5\" data-semantic-content=\"4\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"7\" data-semantic-role=\"negative\" data-semantic-type=\"prefixop\" size=\"s\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"prefixop,−\" data-semantic-parent=\"6\" data-semantic-role=\"subtraction\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" rspace=\"1\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mo&gt;&lt;mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clear","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrathin low-frequency tunable sound absorbing structure based on buckling plates","authors":"Yifan Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhui Li,&nbsp;Xiaoling Gai,&nbsp;Tuo Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the complexity and limited tunability of deep subwavelength sound absorbers, a low-frequency tunable buckling plate resonator is proposed. The structure comprises an ultrathin steel plate, a frame, and a sealed air cavity. By applying uniaxial in-plane load to adjust the stiffness of the plate, frequency tunability is achieved without altering the structural parameters of the absorber. A theoretical model and a finite element model were established to analyze its acoustic performance, and parametric analysis was performed to determine suitable configurations for achieving deep subwavelength absorption. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate highly efficient sound absorption in the frequency range of 332–404 Hz, with a half-absorption bandwidth of 15–20 Hz. The absorber operates at deep subwavelength scales, with a thickness about 1/172th of the maximal working wavelength of sound wave. Compared to existing deep subwavelength absorbers, the proposed absorber features a simpler structure and enhanced tunability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical nonreciprocity induced by quantum squeezing in temperature sensitive optomechanical systems","authors":"Jun-Cong Zheng, Xiao-Wei Zheng, Xin-Lei Hei, Yi-Fan Qiao, Xiao-Yu Yao, Xue-Feng Pan, Yu-Meng Ren, Xiao-Wen Huo, Peng-Bo Li","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adcbcf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adcbcf","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate single-photon transmission and the statistical properties of photon correlations in <inline-formula>\u0000<tex-math><?CDATA $chi^{(2)}$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>χ</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href=\"qstadcbcfieqn1.gif\"></inline-graphic></inline-formula> microring optomechanical systems, where optical nonreciprocity is induced by directional quantum squeezing. Due to the presence of thermal phonons in the mechanical resonator, the system is highly sensitive to temperature changes. Our numerical simulations show that as the thermal phonons vary from 0 to 10, the isolation ratio of single-photon transmission decreases from 22.2 dB to 1.1 dB (or from −23 dB to −3.3 dB). Additionally, the statistical properties of photon correlations transition from exhibiting a strong bunching effect to a weak bunching effect. Moreover, the parametric amplification component enhances the device’s temperature response, distinguishing it from other similar nonreciprocal devices. Our protocol suggests a potential application for nonreciprocal setups in precise temperature measurement at ultralow temperatures, thereby enriching quantum networks and quantum information processing.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some optical properties of rotating wormhole in Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics","authors":"Muhammad Ali Raza, Francisco Tello-Ortiz, M. Zubair, Y. Gómez-Leyton","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/065","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we consider a static wormhole in Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics and convert it into its rotating counterpart by reducing it into Morris-Thorne form. We further study the null geodesics and effective potential along with the shadows for inner and outer unstable orbits for specific choices of parameters. It is found that for some cases smooth shadow curves are formed, and for a few cases the shadows formed are cuspy. All parameters have a significant impact on the shadows except for the parameter <italic toggle=\"yes\">b</italic> when either <italic toggle=\"yes\">a</italic> or <italic toggle=\"yes\">Q</italic> are kept small. We also analyze the gravitational lensing in the strong regime, considering that the observer and the source are on opposite sides of the throat. For this situation, we explore in detail the behavior of the deflection angle, Einstein rings and lensing observables.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban traffic flow estimation with noise measurements using log-linear regression","authors":"Siddharth Venkataraman ,&nbsp;Romain Rumpler","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes the determination of a log-linear regression model for estimating average traffic flow rates using a single measured noise indicator. This model was trained and tested with noise and traffic count data collected over 400 days at a case study location in central Stockholm, Sweden. Through a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between various noise indicators and traffic counts, the best performing indicator was selected, enabling traffic flow estimation with an average day-wise RMSE of 2.31 vehicles per minute and percentage error of 7%. Different measurement campaign strategies were tested to assess their effectiveness in providing reliable training data, demonstrating that campaigns measuring over all hours of the day and all days of the week perform significantly better than campaigns restricted to typical weekday working hours. This study highlights the potential of noise-based traffic estimation as a complementary, cost-effective approach for enhancing real-time traffic monitoring and transportation assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially parallel decoding for multi-qubit lattice surgery","authors":"Sophia Fuhui Lin, Eric C Peterson, Krishanu Sankar, Prasahnt Sivarajah","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adc6b6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adc6b6","url":null,"abstract":"Running quantum algorithms protected by quantum error correction requires a real time, classical decoder. To prevent the accumulation of a backlog, this decoder must process syndromes from the quantum device at a faster rate than they are generated. Most prior work on real time decoding has focused on an isolated logical qubit encoded in the surface code. However, for surface code, quantum programs of utility will require multi-qubit interactions performed via lattice surgery. A large merged patch can arise during lattice surgery—possibly as large as the entire device. This puts a significant strain on a real time decoder, which must decode errors on this merged patch and maintain the level of fault-tolerance that it achieves on isolated logical qubits. These requirements are relaxed by using spatially parallel decoding, which can be accomplished by dividing the physical qubits on the device into multiple overlapping groups and assigning a decoder module to each. We refer to this approach as <italic toggle=\"yes\">spatially parallel windows</italic>. While previous work has explored similar ideas, none have addressed system-specific considerations pertinent to the task or the constraints from using hardware accelerators. In this work, we demonstrate how to configure spatially parallel windows, so that the scheme (1) is compatible with hardware accelerators, (2) supports general lattice surgery operations, (3) maintains the fidelity of the logical qubits, and (4) meets the throughput requirement for real time decoding. Furthermore, our results reveal the importance of optimally choosing the buffer width to achieve a balance between accuracy and throughput—a decision that should be influenced by the device’s physical noise.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial Molecular Engineering of Rare Earth-Doped Nanocrystals: Basic Principles, Construction Strategies, and Advanced Applications","authors":"Guiqiang Pu, Junnan Song, Zhenjie Cheng, Yangmin Tang, Chengbin Kang, Jiacheng Wang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500156","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial molecular engineering of rare earth-doped nanocrystals (RE NCs) by incorporating surface organic emitters is receiving widespread attention in the area of functional nanomaterials. The resulting organic–inorganic nanoconjugates are able to integrate individual strengths and show exciting optical/electrical/magnetic functionalities. However, there is a shortage of systematic reviews reporting the most recent progress of interfacial molecular engineering of RE NCs. Thereby, this review presents a comprehensive and timely perspective on recent advances in interfacial molecular engineering of RE NCs. The crucial theoretical knowledge is first summarized, ranging from the luminescence mechanism of organic molecules/RE NCs to the energy transfer mechanisms at the organic–inorganic interface. Construction protocols for coupling organic molecules and RE NCs are then discussed, including chemical coordination and physical adsorption pathways. In particular, beyond traditional bio-imaging/therapy, advanced applications of RE NCs enabled by interface molecular engineering are outlined, not limited to photoexcited 3D printing, light-induced photochromism/deformation, individual micro-modification, and dynamic procedure regulation. Finally, challenges and perspectives are presented to accelerate future progress and provide research guidance for the interfacial molecular engineering of RE NCs. This review provides a deeper and broader understanding of the interfacial molecular engineering of RE NC and pushes this technology closer to practical applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}