管理学最新文献

Analyzing human-robot collaboration, this study draws on insights from cognitive science and psychology, with a particular focus on developing strategies for instructing robots and addressing the dynamics of robophobia and robophilia. Robophilia signifies the evolving, positive human-robot relationship, emphasizing the attribution of personhood to robots, while robophobia represents fear of robots. Although hospitality studies have explored anthropomorphism in robots, there is a gap in understanding robophobia impact in this context. This research investigates the transition from robophilia to robophobia and its implications for human-robot interactions in hospitality. Past studies primarily emphasized positive aspects, like anthropomorphism and robot personhood neglecting potential negatives such as robophobia. Guided by analogical transfer theory, fear acquisition theory, and uncanny valley theory using three experimental studies, this research explore factors driving this transition, its impact on embarrassment, customer outrage, and employee sabotage intentions during joint robot interactions. This research enriches our understanding of complex human-robot dynamics, shedding light on robophobia's mediating role within the context of service disruptions.

Our current historical moment is marked by a widespread sense of (ongoing and anticipated) crises, prompting calls to change existing economic, political, social, and environmental systems. This discourse has directed increased scholarly and policy-orientated attention to the concepts of “transformation” and “resilience.” However, beyond attention, these concepts have increasingly adopted a place in rationales for policy action and measurements of its success, highlighting the need for conceptual clarity. In light of this, this paper reviews the use of transformation and resilience in the literature. These concepts appear across a broad spectrum of research fields, ranging from the natural to the social sciences. However, definitions and contexts vary broadly, further underlining the need for clarity. In this paper, we delve specifically into two disciplines: science, technology, and innovation (STI) policy research and economic history. Although unified in their explicit concern with societal change, the disciplines' different understandings of such change, particularly temporal aspects, offer fertile ground for exploring the divergent understandings, uses, and definitions of transformation and resilience in the literature. Through this work, the paper makes two main contributions. First, it produces a nuanced review of how the literature employs the concepts of transformation and resilience. Second, it offers an analysis of how transformation and resilience can be understood in relation to each other from a historical perspective. By historically anchoring these concepts while acknowledging that every time is different, the paper also offers some policy guidance on a key challenge of our era: how to successfully govern resilience and transformation in times of change.

Despite the growing significance of virtual influencers (VIs) on social media, the utilisation of VIs in the tourism sector remains underexplored. Underpinned by the “computers are social actors” (CASA) paradigm and the Uncanny Valley theory, this study employed five focus groups with photo elicitation to investigate the key factors that inhibit audience engagement with VIs in tourism contexts. Embodiment (poor visual narrative, humanised content, and spillover effect from VI to content), the role of agency (ethical concerns and lack of relatability) and agent feature (uncanny appearance) were identified as primary impediments. While VIs are found to be alternative tourism endorsers in prevailing research, this study contributes to the literature by delineating the limitations of VIs in engaging with audiences, thereby providing critical insights for both scholars and practitioners. The findings consolidate the CASA paradigm by elucidating its boundary conditions, discerning the relationship between the CASA paradigm and the Uncanny Valley theory, and enabling practitioners to avoid pitfalls and adopt VIs more effectively.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the healthcare landscape, including the role of medical libraries. Understanding medical head librarians' perceived AI literacy and its potential impact on work performance is crucial for successful AI integration within medical institutions. This research aims to address this gap in knowledge by investigating the perceived AI literacy and its impact on the work performance of medical head librarians in Pakistan. The research adopted a quantitative survey method, utilizing a census method to approach the medical head librarians in Pakistan. Data collection was conducted through an online questionnaire administered to 124 medical head librarians employed in institutions recognized by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) and the Higher Education Commission (HEC). The findings indicated that the medical head librarians displayed high levels of perceived AI literacy and work performance. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that AI literacy had a statistically significant and positive impact on work performance, suggesting that as medical head librarians' AI literacy increases, so does their work performance. These results provide valuable insights for governing bodies of medical institutions, AI developers, and other relevant stakeholders. The outcomes suggest that investing in AI-related training for medical librarians, creating user-friendly AI interfaces, and providing additional support from AI developers could play a crucial role in effectively implementing AI for information management in medical education in Pakistan. This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature by addressing the paucity of research on AI literacy among medical librarians. Further research could deepen the understanding of AI literacy's impact on work performance and explore the mechanisms driving this relationship, offering additional guidance for policymakers and educators in enhancing AI-related skills among medical librarians.

This study explores how breast cancer patients engage in travel and how travel may improve patients’ mental health. Data were collected from 31 breast cancer participants through interviews, and conventional content analysis was conducted. The results indicate that breast cancer patients participate in various travel activities that encompass natural, spiritual, interpersonal, cultural, and social aspects, and travel memories, including past travel nostalgia and future travel imagination. Using the chronic illness trajectory model, the study identifies three key healing roles of travel: mitigating death anxiety during the diagnosis stage, relieving psychological stress during the treatment stage, and promoting systematic recovery during the survivorship stage. These findings support the integration of travel-related interventions into the treatment and care of breast cancer patients. By facilitating these healing travel experiences, the tourism sector may play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of life for individuals facing serious health challenges.

The increasing usage of service robots in hotels has generated discussions about their positive impacts. However, little research has been done on the adverse aspects of robot usage from the perspective of the employees, and few studies have investigated the antecedents of employee robot risk awareness. This study posits that employees are aware of potential threats posed by robots; they observe the organization's investment in robot development and witness customers' satisfaction with robot usage. People with greater robot risk awareness engage in more withdrawal behaviors at work (employee sample in Study 1) and report lower intentions to work in the hospitality industry (student sample in Study 2). Those two relationships are further contingent upon employees' learning goal orientation. The proposed relationships were validated by a survey-based study (612 frontline employees) and two experiments (205 student participants). Based on the research results, hotels are encouraged to emphasize augmentation but not automation.

Prior studies examining the democracy-innovation relationship have reported mixed results. To resolve this tension, our framework grounded in information processing and institutional theory proposes two mechanisms through which democracy influences innovation—pro-market institutions and information processing. Our analysis reveals that democracy indirectly affects innovation primarily through information processing rather than pro-market institutions. While gradually or increasingly democratizing states tend to focus on adopting pro-market systems without considering information freedom (e.g., lifting censorship), our results underscore the importance of information processing for strengthening the democracy-innovation relationship. Our study extends the literature on national innovation rates by shedding light on the information processing implications of democratic institutions.

Online forwarding behavior, which involves users sharing information through URLs on social media platforms, has been extensively acknowledged as important to businesses, society, and individuals. Although previous research has discussed its antecedents from the sentiment perspective, most of them focus on the effect size, without differentiating the distinct effects of positive and negative sentiment. This study not only tests the association between positive (negative) sentiment and online forwarding but also examines how the aforementioned association varies from sentiment dispersion, measured by the variance of sentiment between individuals and groups (i.e., positive vs. negative sentiment dispersions); and sentiment dissimilarity, measured by the inconsistency between review content and title in terms of sentiment (i.e., positive vs. negative sentiment dissimilarities). Analysis of the data set collected from TripAdvisor yields the following findings: (1) positive sentiment negatively affects forwarding behavior, (2) negative sentiment positively affects forwarding behavior, (3) positive sentiment dispersion strengthens the negative effect of positive sentiment, but the moderation effect of positive sentiment dissimilarity is insignificant, and (4) negative sentiment dispersion/dissimilarity dampens the positive effect of negative sentiment. Findings extend our understanding of sentiment and online forwarding by highlighting the heterogeneous effects of positive and negative sentiments, thereby providing suggestions for forwarding function design.