综合性期刊最新文献_第8页

Rhythmic sampling of multiple decision alternatives in the human brain 人类大脑中多个决策选择的有节奏采样

IF 16.6 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Nature Communications

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69379-z

Marcus Siems, Yinan Cao, Maryam Tohidi-Moghaddam, Tobias H. Donner, Konstantinos Tsetsos

Humans and other animals navigate decisions by sequentially attending to (sampling) subsets of the available information. The internal dynamics of the selective sampling of decision-relevant information remain unknown. Here we use magnetoencephalography recordings and neural decoding to track the spontaneous dynamics of the locus and strength of covert attention as human participants performed a three-alternative perceptual choice task. The strength of covert attention fluctuated rhythmically around 11 Hz. A shift of attention from one alternative to another tends to occur at the trough of this oscillation, presumably enabling comparisons. These shifts further reset the attentional oscillation. By contrast, at the peak of the oscillation, attention tends to increase the focus on the currently sampled alternative, presumably deepening processing of that alternative. We propose intrinsic attentional oscillations as a core mechanism governing the flexible sampling of decision alternatives.

人类和其他动物通过顺序地关注（采样）可用信息的子集来导航决策。决策相关信息的选择性抽样的内部动力学仍然是未知的。在这里，我们使用脑磁图记录和神经解码来跟踪人类参与者在执行三选项知觉选择任务时隐蔽注意的位置和强度的自发动态。隐蔽注意的强度在11赫兹左右有节奏地波动。注意力从一种选择向另一种选择的转移往往发生在这种振荡的低谷，可能是为了进行比较。这些变化进一步重置了注意力振荡。相比之下，在振荡的峰值，注意力倾向于增加对当前采样的替代的关注，可能会加深对该替代的处理。我们提出内在注意振荡作为控制决策选择灵活采样的核心机制。

引用次数: 0

Ecological partitioning enables phage–antibiotic cooperation in a human Pseudomonas infection 生态分区使噬菌体-抗生素合作在人类假单胞菌感染

IF 16.6 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Nature Communications

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69247-w

Tiffany Luong, Lukeman Kharrat, Kevin Champagne-Jorgensen, Jennifer A. Melendez, David Pride, Douglas J. Conrad, Dwayne R. Roach

Bacteriophage–antibiotic coadministration is increasingly used for refractory infections, yet the in vivo interactions among phages, bacteria, antibiotics, and host immunity remain poorly defined. We report a longitudinal, multiomic case analysis of a male in his seventies with cystic fibrosis (CF) experiencing an acute-on-chronic pulmonary exacerbation caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After colistin discontinuation due to nephrotoxicity, ciprofloxacin was initiated, with an intravenous two-phage cocktail introduced days later. Distinct mucoid and nonmucoid bacterial subpopulations associated differentially with antibiotic versus phage exposure, consistent with nonoverlapping selective pressures. Phage activity was temporally constrained, with one phage dominating early bacterial and genomic signals before attenuating after approximately seven days, despite continued genomic detectability. In contrast, the second phage showed no evidence of productive activity. This asymmetry coincided with phage-reactive humoral immunity: pre-existing IgM was associated with lack of recoverability of one phage, while treatment-associated IgM emergence temporally tracked attenuation of the dominant phage. Although phage-resistant variants arose during therapy, they showed limited expansion relative to susceptible populations. These findings define a mechanistic framework—chemobiotherapy—in which chemical and biological antimicrobials coordinate through ecological and immunologic complementarity rather than direct pharmacologic synergy.

噬菌体-抗生素共给药越来越多地用于治疗难治性感染，但噬菌体、细菌、抗生素和宿主免疫之间的体内相互作用仍不明确。我们报告一个纵向，多组病例分析的男性在他的70囊性纤维化（CF）经历急性慢性肺恶化由多药耐药（MDR）铜绿假单胞菌引起。在因肾毒性停用粘菌素后，开始使用环丙沙星，几天后开始静脉注射双噬菌体鸡尾酒。不同的黏液样和非黏液样细菌亚群与抗生素和噬菌体暴露的差异相关，与非重叠选择压力一致。噬菌体活性暂时受限，一个噬菌体主导早期细菌和基因组信号，在大约7天后减弱，尽管基因组可继续检测。相比之下，第二个噬菌体没有显示出生产活动的迹象。这种不对称性与噬菌体反应性体液免疫相吻合：预先存在的IgM与一个噬菌体缺乏可恢复性有关，而治疗相关的IgM出现暂时追踪优势噬菌体的衰减。尽管在治疗期间出现了噬菌体抗性变异，但相对于易感人群，它们的扩展有限。这些发现定义了一个机制框架-化学生物疗法-其中化学和生物抗菌剂通过生态和免疫互补而不是直接的药物协同作用进行协调。

{"title":"Ecological partitioning enables phage–antibiotic cooperation in a human Pseudomonas infection","authors":"Tiffany Luong, Lukeman Kharrat, Kevin Champagne-Jorgensen, Jennifer A. Melendez, David Pride, Douglas J. Conrad, Dwayne R. Roach","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-69247-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69247-w","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriophage–antibiotic coadministration is increasingly used for refractory infections, yet the in vivo interactions among phages, bacteria, antibiotics, and host immunity remain poorly defined. We report a longitudinal, multiomic case analysis of a male in his seventies with cystic fibrosis (CF) experiencing an acute-on-chronic pulmonary exacerbation caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After colistin discontinuation due to nephrotoxicity, ciprofloxacin was initiated, with an intravenous two-phage cocktail introduced days later. Distinct mucoid and nonmucoid bacterial subpopulations associated differentially with antibiotic versus phage exposure, consistent with nonoverlapping selective pressures. Phage activity was temporally constrained, with one phage dominating early bacterial and genomic signals before attenuating after approximately seven days, despite continued genomic detectability. In contrast, the second phage showed no evidence of productive activity. This asymmetry coincided with phage-reactive humoral immunity: pre-existing IgM was associated with lack of recoverability of one phage, while treatment-associated IgM emergence temporally tracked attenuation of the dominant phage. Although phage-resistant variants arose during therapy, they showed limited expansion relative to susceptible populations. These findings define a mechanistic framework—chemobiotherapy—in which chemical and biological antimicrobials coordinate through ecological and immunologic complementarity rather than direct pharmacologic synergy.","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecogeomorphic feedbacks influence elevation change across microtidal wetland settings of coastal Louisiana 生态地貌反馈影响路易斯安那沿海微潮湿地高程变化

IF 16.6 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Nature Communications

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69091-y

Carol Wilson, Tracy Quirk, Donald R. Cahoon, Gregg A. Snedden, Leigh Anne Sharp

引用次数: 0

Pre-incision structures reveal principles of DNA nucleotide excision repair 切口前结构揭示了DNA核苷酸切除修复的原理

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Nature

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10122-5

Eric C. L. Li, Jinseok Kim, Sem J. Brussee, Kaoru Sugasawa, Martijn S. Luijsterburg, Wei Yang

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes bulky adducts from genomic DNA and prevents the ultraviolet light-sensitivity disease xeroderma pigmentosum, cancer and premature ageing1. After initial lesion recognition by XPC in global genome repair or by stalled RNA polymerases in transcription-coupled repair, a lesion and surrounding DNA duplex are unwound by TFIIH, which includes the ATPases XPB and XPD, and additional NER factors XPA, XPF, XPG and RPA, to form a DNA bubble2 comprising around 27 nucleotides. The double strand–single strand (ds-ss) junction-specific endonucleases XPF and XPG cleave DNA on the 5′ and 3′ sides of the lesion, respectively. Here we report the functional steps and atomic structures of the ATPase-driven and lesion-dependent DNA bubble formation and arrangement of the complete NER factors for dual incision. The unwinding of nearly 30 base pairs of DNA depends mainly on the double strand DNA translocase XPB and the duplex dividers XPA and XPF. XPD binds the lesion strand with XPF at the 5′ ds-ss junction. XPF cuts the lesion strand only after XPG binds the 3′ ds-ss junction. The ERCC1 subunit of XPF facilitates DNA strand separation and recruitment of RPA to the non-lesion strand. These findings provide insights on the causes of human diseases and potential targets for enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy.

核苷酸切除修复（NER）从基因组DNA中去除庞大的加合物，并防止紫外光敏感性疾病着色性干皮病、癌症和过早衰老1。在全球基因组修复过程中，XPC或转录偶联修复过程中停滞的RNA聚合酶对病灶进行初始识别后，病灶及其周围的DNA双链被TFIIH展开，TFIIH包括atp酶XPB和XPD，以及额外的NER因子XPA、XPF、XPG和RPA，形成一个包含约27个核苷酸的DNA泡2。双链-单链（ds-ss）连接特异性内切酶XPF和XPG分别在病变的5 ‘和3 ’侧切割DNA。在这里，我们报道了atp酶驱动和病变依赖的DNA泡形成的功能步骤和原子结构，以及双切口完整NER因子的排列。近30个碱基对DNA的解绕主要依赖于DNA双链转位酶XPB和双分裂酶XPA和XPF。XPD将病变链与XPF结合在5 ' ds-ss连接处。XPF仅在XPG结合3 ' ds-ss结后才切断病变链。XPF的ERCC1亚基促进DNA链分离和RPA招募到非损伤链。这些发现为人类疾病的病因和提高化疗疗效的潜在靶点提供了见解。

{"title":"Pre-incision structures reveal principles of DNA nucleotide excision repair","authors":"Eric C. L. Li, Jinseok Kim, Sem J. Brussee, Kaoru Sugasawa, Martijn S. Luijsterburg, Wei Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-10122-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10122-5","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes bulky adducts from genomic DNA and prevents the ultraviolet light-sensitivity disease xeroderma pigmentosum, cancer and premature ageing1. After initial lesion recognition by XPC in global genome repair or by stalled RNA polymerases in transcription-coupled repair, a lesion and surrounding DNA duplex are unwound by TFIIH, which includes the ATPases XPB and XPD, and additional NER factors XPA, XPF, XPG and RPA, to form a DNA bubble2 comprising around 27 nucleotides. The double strand–single strand (ds-ss) junction-specific endonucleases XPF and XPG cleave DNA on the 5′ and 3′ sides of the lesion, respectively. Here we report the functional steps and atomic structures of the ATPase-driven and lesion-dependent DNA bubble formation and arrangement of the complete NER factors for dual incision. The unwinding of nearly 30 base pairs of DNA depends mainly on the double strand DNA translocase XPB and the duplex dividers XPA and XPF. XPD binds the lesion strand with XPF at the 5′ ds-ss junction. XPF cuts the lesion strand only after XPG binds the 3′ ds-ss junction. The ERCC1 subunit of XPF facilitates DNA strand separation and recruitment of RPA to the non-lesion strand. These findings provide insights on the causes of human diseases and potential targets for enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146152353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gas vortex discovery in butterfly microcavities for constructing ultrasensitive gas sensors 蝴蝶微腔内气体涡旋的发现及其超灵敏气体传感器的构建

IF 12.5 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aea5597

Xinyuan Zhou, Yinxia Sun, Manqing Qi, Lindong Ma, Xiaomin Song, Xiaomeng Yin, Hang Wang, Zhenpeng Wang, Kun Li, Tie Wang

Gas sensors are pivotal for environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics but usually face the sensitivity-stability trade-off in trace-gas detection. Conventional sensitivity-enhancement strategies rely on reactive surface modifications, which may risk long-term stability, whereas inefficient gas-solid interaction time limits detection sensitivity. Here, we find gas vortex effects in butterfly wings that can prolong molecular residence time and apply this bioinspired mechanism to gas sensor design to resolve this trade-off. We establish a universal design rule: Periodic microcavities with diameter-to-height ratios of 1 to 1.33 generate centralized vortices that prolong molecular residence time by 85% and optimize mass transfer efficiency, as validated through computational fluid dynamics, fluorescence tracking, and Sherwood number analysis. This geometric principle enables metal oxide (ZnO, In₂O₃, Co₃O₄, and WO₃) sensors to achieve ultralow detection limits (0.8 to 30 parts per billion) while maintaining long-period stability. A four-channel microsensor array leveraging vortex-enhanced microstructures enables real-time profiling of human breath biomarkers. This work resolves the classical sensitivity-stability conflict through geometric fluidic control rather than material chemistry.

气体传感器是环境监测和医疗诊断的关键，但在痕量气体检测中通常面临灵敏度和稳定性的权衡。传统的灵敏度增强策略依赖于反应性表面修饰，这可能会危及长期稳定性，而低效的气固相互作用时间限制了检测灵敏度。在这里，我们发现蝴蝶翅膀中的气体涡流效应可以延长分子停留时间，并将这种生物启发机制应用于气体传感器设计，以解决这种权衡。我们建立了一个通用的设计规则：通过计算流体动力学、荧光跟踪和Sherwood数分析验证，直径与高度比为1到1.33的周期性微腔产生集中漩涡，使分子停留时间延长85%，并优化传质效率。这种几何原理使金属氧化物（ZnO, in2o3， co2o3和wo3）传感器能够实现超低检测限（0.8至30十亿分之一），同时保持长周期稳定性。利用涡流增强微结构的四通道微传感器阵列可以实时分析人类呼吸生物标志物。这项工作通过几何流体控制而不是材料化学来解决经典的灵敏度-稳定性冲突。

{"title":"Gas vortex discovery in butterfly microcavities for constructing ultrasensitive gas sensors","authors":"Xinyuan Zhou, Yinxia Sun, Manqing Qi, Lindong Ma, Xiaomin Song, Xiaomeng Yin, Hang Wang, Zhenpeng Wang, Kun Li, Tie Wang","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aea5597","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.aea5597","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Gas sensors are pivotal for environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics but usually face the sensitivity-stability trade-off in trace-gas detection. Conventional sensitivity-enhancement strategies rely on reactive surface modifications, which may risk long-term stability, whereas inefficient gas-solid interaction time limits detection sensitivity. Here, we find gas vortex effects in butterfly wings that can prolong molecular residence time and apply this bioinspired mechanism to gas sensor design to resolve this trade-off. We establish a universal design rule: Periodic microcavities with diameter-to-height ratios of 1 to 1.33 generate centralized vortices that prolong molecular residence time by 85% and optimize mass transfer efficiency, as validated through computational fluid dynamics, fluorescence tracking, and Sherwood number analysis. This geometric principle enables metal oxide (ZnO, In2O3, Co3O4, and WO3) sensors to achieve ultralow detection limits (0.8 to 30 parts per billion) while maintaining long-period stability. A four-channel microsensor array leveraging vortex-enhanced microstructures enables real-time profiling of human breath biomarkers. This work resolves the classical sensitivity-stability conflict through geometric fluidic control rather than material chemistry.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic legacy and recent cross of two ancient lineages underlie the rebound of the world’s rarest primate 遗传遗产和最近两个古老谱系的杂交是世界上最稀有的灵长类动物反弹的基础

IF 12.5 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adw3298

Xian Hou, Shengkai Pan, Jiliang Xu, Li Hu, Weiming He, Xin Liu, Siying Huang, Zhongru Gu, Zhenzhen Lin, Yangkang Chen, Wei Li, Tao Luo, Xinrui Zhao, Qingyan Dai, Peng Cao, Feng Liu, Xiaotian Feng, Qiaomei Fu, Jiang Zhou, Jinliang Wang, Xiangjiang Zhan

Despite a recent mass extinction, a few species have bounced back from the brink, but little is known about their intrinsic mechanisms. Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) feature a mysterious rebound, from ~13 individuals in 2003 to 42 currently. Using reliable genomic data from the fecal samples of 18 gibbons, generated through a systematically established pipeline, and from four museum specimens, our analyses reveal that Hainan gibbons have the smallest effective population size and low genetic diversity but, unexpectedly, low inbreeding and genetic load among threatened primates assessed thus far. This results from a millennial expansion mitigating bottleneck effects and a high local recombination maintaining selection efficiency. Notably, we uncover two cryptic lineages, whose recent crosses led to new family groups with increased heterozygosity. Our study reveals the importance of demographic history, genome architecture, and behavioral regulation in the recovery of endangered species and highlights the great potential of fecal genomic research in conservation biology.

尽管最近发生了大规模灭绝，但一些物种已经从边缘反弹回来，但人们对它们的内在机制知之甚少。海南长臂猿（Nomascus hainanus）有一个神秘的反弹，从2003年的约13只增加到目前的42只。通过系统建立的管道生成的18只长臂猿粪便样本和4个博物馆标本的可靠基因组数据，我们的分析表明，海南长臂猿的有效种群规模最小，遗传多样性低，但出乎意料的是，在迄今评估的濒危灵长类动物中，近亲繁殖和遗传负荷较低。这是由于千年的扩张缓解了瓶颈效应和高度的局部重组保持了选择效率。值得注意的是，我们发现了两个隐谱系，其最近的杂交导致了杂合性增加的新家族群体。我们的研究揭示了人口历史、基因组结构和行为调控在濒危物种恢复中的重要性，并强调了粪便基因组研究在保护生物学中的巨大潜力。

{"title":"Genetic legacy and recent cross of two ancient lineages underlie the rebound of the world’s rarest primate","authors":"Xian Hou, Shengkai Pan, Jiliang Xu, Li Hu, Weiming He, Xin Liu, Siying Huang, Zhongru Gu, Zhenzhen Lin, Yangkang Chen, Wei Li, Tao Luo, Xinrui Zhao, Qingyan Dai, Peng Cao, Feng Liu, Xiaotian Feng, Qiaomei Fu, Jiang Zhou, Jinliang Wang, Xiangjiang Zhan","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adw3298","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adw3298","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Despite a recent mass extinction, a few species have bounced back from the brink, but little is known about their intrinsic mechanisms. Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) feature a mysterious rebound, from ~13 individuals in 2003 to 42 currently. Using reliable genomic data from the fecal samples of 18 gibbons, generated through a systematically established pipeline, and from four museum specimens, our analyses reveal that Hainan gibbons have the smallest effective population size and low genetic diversity but, unexpectedly, low inbreeding and genetic load among threatened primates assessed thus far. This results from a millennial expansion mitigating bottleneck effects and a high local recombination maintaining selection efficiency. Notably, we uncover two cryptic lineages, whose recent crosses led to new family groups with increased heterozygosity. Our study reveals the importance of demographic history, genome architecture, and behavioral regulation in the recovery of endangered species and highlights the great potential of fecal genomic research in conservation biology.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

VapC36-mediated intrinsic stress adaption is required for copper tolerance and pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis vapc36介导的内在应激适应是结核分枝杆菌铜耐受性和发病机制所必需的

IF 12.5 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adw7134

Arun Sharma, Gopinath Chattopadhyay, Manisha Singh, Munmun Bhasin, Prabhakar Babele, Raghavan Varadarajan, Ramandeep Singh

Here, we have used a comprehensive, system-wide approach to delineate the function of the virulence-associated proteins B and C 36 (VapBC36) toxin-antitoxin (TA) system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathophysiology. We show that VapC36 interacts with cognate and noncognate antitoxins. We demonstrate that serX is degraded in vitro by VapC36. We show that VapC36 binds copper, which enhances its ribonuclease activity. Furthermore, we report that deletion of vapBC36 or vapC36 enhances the susceptibility of M. tuberculosis upon exposure to copper in vitro. Compared to the wild-type strain, ΔBC36 was attenuated for growth in guinea pigs. However, deletion of either vapC36 or vapBC36 did not affect M. tuberculosis growth in mice. Compared to the wild-type strain, the in vivo susceptibility of ΔC36 and ΔBC36 strains was increased in copper-fed mice. Together, these findings have enhanced our understanding of the regulation and contribution of TA systems in mycobacterial pathophysiology.

在这里，我们使用了一个全面的、全系统的方法来描述毒力相关蛋白B和c36 （VapBC36）毒素-抗毒素（TA）系统在结核分枝杆菌病理生理中的功能。我们发现VapC36与同源和非同源抗毒素相互作用。我们证明了在体外通过VapC36降解血清x。我们发现VapC36与铜结合，从而增强其核糖核酸酶活性。此外，我们报告说，在体外暴露于铜的情况下，删除vapBC36或vapC36会增加结核分枝杆菌的易感性。与野生型菌株相比，Δ BC36在豚鼠中被减毒。然而，删除vapC36或vapBC36并不影响小鼠的结核分枝杆菌生长。与野生型菌株相比，Δ C36和Δ BC36菌株在铜饲小鼠体内的敏感性增加。总之，这些发现增强了我们对TA系统在分枝杆菌病理生理中的调节和贡献的理解。

{"title":"VapC36-mediated intrinsic stress adaption is required for copper tolerance and pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Arun Sharma, Gopinath Chattopadhyay, Manisha Singh, Munmun Bhasin, Prabhakar Babele, Raghavan Varadarajan, Ramandeep Singh","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adw7134","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adw7134","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Here, we have used a comprehensive, system-wide approach to delineate the function of the virulence-associated proteins B and C 36 (VapBC36) toxin-antitoxin (TA) system in Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathophysiology. We show that VapC36 interacts with cognate and noncognate antitoxins. We demonstrate that serX is degraded in vitro by VapC36. We show that VapC36 binds copper, which enhances its ribonuclease activity. Furthermore, we report that deletion of vapBC36 or vapC36 enhances the susceptibility of M. tuberculosis upon exposure to copper in vitro. Compared to the wild-type strain, ΔBC36 was attenuated for growth in guinea pigs. However, deletion of either vapC36 or vapBC36 did not affect M. tuberculosis growth in mice. Compared to the wild-type strain, the in vivo susceptibility of ΔC36 and ΔBC36 strains was increased in copper-fed mice. Together, these findings have enhanced our understanding of the regulation and contribution of TA systems in mycobacterial pathophysiology.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental demonstration of a three-dimensional bioinspired tonotopic metasensor. 一种三维生物启发的异位超感器的实验演示。

IF 3.5 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of The Royal Society Interface

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2025.0771

Yuxuan Liu, Han Zhang, Emanuele Riva, Nicola M Pugno, Antonio S Gliozzi, Federico Bosia, Mauro Tortello

Spiral structures are widely recurrent in nature to serve different purposes, including the spatial mapping of acoustic frequencies in the mammalian cochlea-a feature referred to as tonotopy. Motivated by this fundamental characteristic, we explore the elastodynamics of a three-dimensional seashell-like structure with frequency-selective capabilities and, in addition, a polarization-dependent response, a feature rarely found in nature. We experimentally demonstrate how these properties can be exploited to discriminate between out-of-plane and in-plane waves, while producing a discrete spectrum that displays tonotopic behaviour. The polarization capabilities are a consequence of the realization of a tonotopic response in the spiral plane and perpendicular to it. Results can be of interest for the design of low-power, low-latency smart sensors for structural health monitoring and non-destructive testing, where discrimination between frequency and polarization is usually accomplished through digital signal processing.

螺旋结构在自然界中广泛地重复出现，以服务于不同的目的，包括哺乳动物耳蜗中声学频率的空间映射-一种被称为张力异位的特征。受这一基本特性的启发，我们探索了具有频率选择能力的三维贝壳状结构的弹性动力学，此外，还有偏振依赖的响应，这是自然界中很少发现的特征。我们通过实验证明了如何利用这些特性来区分面外和面内波，同时产生显示同位行为的离散谱。极化能力是在螺旋平面和垂直于螺旋平面上实现同位响应的结果。研究结果可用于设计用于结构健康监测和无损检测的低功耗、低延迟智能传感器，其中频率和极化之间的区分通常通过数字信号处理来完成。

引用次数: 0

Effect of nano-silica and sisal fibre on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. 纳米二氧化硅和剑麻纤维对混凝土力学性能和耐久性的影响。

IF 3.9 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific Reports

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-37901-4

Karthik Shanmugam, Vivek Deivasigamani, G K Arunvivek, Bamidele Charles Olaiya

Fiber reinforced cementitious composites provide higher strength, lower weight, and higher toughness, and have consistently been employed in engineering applications. This research focused on the combined effect of nano silica with sisal fibres in concrete. Sisal Fiber-reinforced concretes offer measurable improvements in tensile strength, deformability, and durability, as well as moderate enhancement in compressive strength, when compared to ordinary concrete. Around 90 specimens were tested for mechanical properties and 48 specimens were evaluated for durability performance to ensure statistical reliability. Different lengths of constant 1.5% sisal fiber (6, 12, and 18 mm) and constant 3% nano silica are substituted in conventional concrete. Tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths were measured through laboratory tests, and durability performance was assessed using chloride penetration and acid resistance tests. Concrete with 1.5% sisal fibres (12 mm length) and 3% nano silica showed enhanced mechanical strength, with percentage improvements of 7.8% in compressive strength, 16.8% in tensile strength, and 19.2% in flexural strength compared to conventional concrete, while the mix with 1.5% sisal fibres (18 mm length) and 3% nano silica exhibited improved durability compared to conventional concrete. As a result, sisal fibres and nano silica can be used to make low-cost, low-energy-consumption concrete with potential applicability in non-structural and semi-structural concrete elements where enhanced durability and crack resistance are required.

纤维增强胶凝复合材料具有更高的强度、更轻的重量和更高的韧性，一直被用于工程应用。研究了纳米二氧化硅与剑麻纤维在混凝土中的复合作用。与普通混凝土相比，剑麻纤维增强混凝土提供了可测量的抗拉强度，变形能力和耐久性的改善，以及抗压强度的适度增强。约90个试件进行了力学性能测试，48个试件进行了耐久性评估，以确保统计可靠性。不同长度的恒定1.5%剑麻纤维（6、12和18 mm）和恒定3%纳米二氧化硅取代了传统混凝土。通过实验室测试测量拉伸、弯曲和抗压强度，并通过氯化物渗透和耐酸测试评估耐久性性能。与传统混凝土相比，含有1.5%剑麻纤维（12毫米长）和3%纳米二氧化硅的混凝土的机械强度提高了7.8%，抗压强度提高了16.8%，抗折强度提高了19.2%，而含有1.5%剑麻纤维（18毫米长）和3%纳米二氧化硅的混凝土的耐久性比传统混凝土有所提高。因此，剑麻纤维和纳米二氧化硅可用于制造低成本、低能耗的混凝土，在需要增强耐久性和抗裂性的非结构和半结构混凝土元件中具有潜在的适用性。

{"title":"Effect of nano-silica and sisal fibre on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete.","authors":"Karthik Shanmugam, Vivek Deivasigamani, G K Arunvivek, Bamidele Charles Olaiya","doi":"10.1038/s41598-026-37901-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37901-4","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber reinforced cementitious composites provide higher strength, lower weight, and higher toughness, and have consistently been employed in engineering applications. This research focused on the combined effect of nano silica with sisal fibres in concrete. Sisal Fiber-reinforced concretes offer measurable improvements in tensile strength, deformability, and durability, as well as moderate enhancement in compressive strength, when compared to ordinary concrete. Around 90 specimens were tested for mechanical properties and 48 specimens were evaluated for durability performance to ensure statistical reliability. Different lengths of constant 1.5% sisal fiber (6, 12, and 18 mm) and constant 3% nano silica are substituted in conventional concrete. Tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths were measured through laboratory tests, and durability performance was assessed using chloride penetration and acid resistance tests. Concrete with 1.5% sisal fibres (12 mm length) and 3% nano silica showed enhanced mechanical strength, with percentage improvements of 7.8% in compressive strength, 16.8% in tensile strength, and 19.2% in flexural strength compared to conventional concrete, while the mix with 1.5% sisal fibres (18 mm length) and 3% nano silica exhibited improved durability compared to conventional concrete. As a result, sisal fibres and nano silica can be used to make low-cost, low-energy-consumption concrete with potential applicability in non-structural and semi-structural concrete elements where enhanced durability and crack resistance are required.","PeriodicalId":21811,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling the Spatiotemporal Evolution Process of Panic‐Buying Behavior During COVID‐19: A Case Study in China COVID - 19期间恐慌购买行为的时空演化过程建模——以中国为例

IF 5.2 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70211

Peihua Fu, Manying Li, Tinggui Chen, Jianjun Yang, Guodong Cong

Panic‐buying incidents triggered by public emergencies are often accompanied by panic emotions, which are prone to spread in both time and space, causing serious negative impacts on social stability and economic development. Therefore, we took stimuli–organism–response (SOR) as our framework to comprehensively consider the effects of internal and external factors and to clarify the chain evolution process of stimulus panic‐buying behavior. Second, based on an improved infectious disease model using the Markov chain and combined with cellular automata methods, we studied the spatiotemporal evolution of group panic‐buying behavior. Specifically, we focused on the evolutionary process of panic‐buying across temporal sequences and within macroscopic geographical spaces such as urban communities. Our simulations yielded compelling insights: (1) the intensity of panic‐buying information has a significant stimulating effect on panic‐buying behavior. Interestingly, previous encounters with such buying experiences can act as a soothing balm, alleviating panic emotions. (2) The groups that participate in and stop buying both exhibit a clustered distribution in space, forming several clustered buying areas in space. Individuals at the center of the buying area often participate in the buying first, while those at the edge are more likely to stop buying. (3) Partition control implemented in the buying area can help mitigate the cascading effects of fear‐driven purchasing behavior and increase its rate of decline. In addition, we also verified the effectiveness of the model using a case study in China, and discuss the model's theoretical and practical significance, limitations, and future research directions.

突发公共事件引发的恐慌性购买事件往往伴随着恐慌情绪，容易在时间和空间上蔓延，对社会稳定和经济发展造成严重的负面影响。因此，我们以刺激-机体反应（SOR）为研究框架，综合考虑内外因素的影响，厘清刺激恐慌-购买行为的连锁演化过程。其次，基于改进的马尔可夫链传染病模型，结合元胞自动机方法，研究了群体恐慌购买行为的时空演化。具体来说，我们关注的是恐慌性购买在时间序列和宏观地理空间（如城市社区）中的进化过程。我们的模拟得出了令人信服的结论：(1)恐慌购买信息的强度对恐慌购买行为有显著的刺激作用。有趣的是，以前遇到过这样的购买经历可以起到安抚作用，缓解恐慌情绪。(2)参与和停止购买的群体在空间上均呈集群分布，在空间上形成多个集群购买区域。处于购买区域中心的个人通常首先参与购买，而处于边缘的个人更有可能停止购买。(3)在购买区域实施分区控制有助于缓解恐惧驱动购买行为的级联效应，并提高其下降速度。此外，我们还通过中国的案例研究验证了模型的有效性，并讨论了模型的理论和实践意义、局限性以及未来的研究方向。

{"title":"Modeling the Spatiotemporal Evolution Process of Panic‐Buying Behavior During COVID‐19: A Case Study in China","authors":"Peihua Fu, Manying Li, Tinggui Chen, Jianjun Yang, Guodong Cong","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70211","url":null,"abstract":"Panic‐buying incidents triggered by public emergencies are often accompanied by panic emotions, which are prone to spread in both time and space, causing serious negative impacts on social stability and economic development. Therefore, we took stimuli–organism–response (SOR) as our framework to comprehensively consider the effects of internal and external factors and to clarify the chain evolution process of stimulus panic‐buying behavior. Second, based on an improved infectious disease model using the Markov chain and combined with cellular automata methods, we studied the spatiotemporal evolution of group panic‐buying behavior. Specifically, we focused on the evolutionary process of panic‐buying across temporal sequences and within macroscopic geographical spaces such as urban communities. Our simulations yielded compelling insights: (1) the intensity of panic‐buying information has a significant stimulating effect on panic‐buying behavior. Interestingly, previous encounters with such buying experiences can act as a soothing balm, alleviating panic emotions. (2) The groups that participate in and stop buying both exhibit a clustered distribution in space, forming several clustered buying areas in space. Individuals at the center of the buying area often participate in the buying first, while those at the edge are more likely to stop buying. (3) Partition control implemented in the buying area can help mitigate the cascading effects of fear‐driven purchasing behavior and increase its rate of decline. In addition, we also verified the effectiveness of the model using a case study in China, and discuss the model's theoretical and practical significance, limitations, and future research directions.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0